How to make a cylinder out of wood?

How to make a productive fan for a workshop from wood

When working in a woodworking workshop, it is not always possible to prevent the appearance of suspended matter in the air by connecting a construction vacuum cleaner to the machines. It draws in most of the shavings, but a lot of dust remains flying and then gets into the lungs. To combat it, you just need to organize a quick, powerful removal of dirty air from the workshop to the street in order to organize an influx of clean air. You can do this by installing a DIY fan.

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Here are some useful tips that will make it even easier to make a chair from wood with your own hands. To begin with, let's say that before creating any structure made of wood, you should carefully think about how it will roughly look and what you want to see it as. This will allow you to at least approximately determine how much of a particular material you need.
Another important aspect is that you should not neglect such a thing as drawings. For some reason, many people do not pay enough attention to them, which is why they end up with crooked chairs and armchairs. In this matter, everything should be thought through to the smallest detail and the parameters of each detail should be checked. It would not be superfluous to say that it would be better to use a circular saw for cutting longitudinal parts, and a jigsaw for transverse parts.
Another important issue concerns the connection of the chair elements. Everything is quite simple here. In connections where the main load occurs, it is better to use self-tapping screws or self-tapping screws. But in other cases, you can use adhesive or chopsticks made of wood. Choppers can also be used to secure the upper parts.
An important point will be the selection of materials for processing. But here everything will depend on how high-quality the wood is used. If it is “clean” and has no defects, then it will be enough to treat it with stain and apply varnish. But if there are stains on it and there are some defects, then you should putty them, then cover them with a primer and only then paint. Another important point is that you should not paint the wood right away. It must be pre-treated with drying oil. Otherwise, it will quickly be absorbed into the surface. Then there will be bald spots, which will ruin the appearance of the chair.

Fan manufacturing process

To make a fan impeller, a circle with a diameter of 250 mm is cut out of 10 mm plywood.

It marks the center, then divides it into 8 equal sectors. A circle with a diameter of 140 mm is drawn on the disk using a compass.

The disk is drilled in the center to match the diameter of the shaft of the existing motor. On one side, use a chisel to select a small groove in it for the locking pin on the shaft.

Use a 54 mm core drill to cut out another disc from the plywood. A large circle is placed on the motor shaft close to the locking pin so that it fits into the groove. Then a smaller disk is glued in, and the whole thing is tightened with a nut.

Also, from 10 mm plywood, you need to cut 8 blanks measuring 79x50 mm. A transverse line is drawn on them 20 mm from one edge. Then you need to cut the workpieces diagonally to it to get a pointed end.

The prepared blades are secured to the impeller disk using glue and self-tapping screws according to the sector markings. The part protruding beyond the circle must be cut off.

From fiberboard you need to cut a circle with a diameter of 250 mm with a hole in the center of 140 mm.

This blank is screwed to the impeller blades.

Then 2 sheets of plywood are folded together and temporarily twisted at the corners with self-tapping screws. After this, 2 halves of the snail body are cut out of them at a time. These parts must be larger than the size of the impeller in order for it to fit inside.

In one half of the snail you need to cut a hole with a diameter of 140 mm, like on an impeller. But in the center of the second part only a hole is made for the motor shaft. A 95mm wide strip is then cut from the sheet metal to join the halves together to form the body. First, it is screwed to a part with a small hole. The joint between them is glued with hot glue.

An L-shaped bracket for mounting the engine is assembled from two strips of plywood and jibs. If the latter has a configuration as in the example, then in order to screw it on you will also need to cut out the crosspiece. Then the motor is installed on the bracket.

The bracket with the motor is screwed to the volute half with metal sides. Next, the impeller is installed. Several spacers are placed on it to create gaps, and then the second half of the snail with a 140 mm hole is screwed to the sides.

After this, the spacers are removed. The joint between the sheet metal and the plywood is sealed with duct tape.

A switch is installed on the snail, preferably with a motor rotation speed switch. The motor is connected to it.

At the outlet, an adapter to the ventilation duct is screwed to the volute. It could just be a piece of plywood with a tube inserted, if necessary, then flattened into a snail shape.

The fan is installed closer to the work area where the most dust is generated. It is then connected to the exhaust ventilation duct. Now, when turned on, it will draw in dusty air and push it out into the street.

Simple chair for the garden

Having decided to make a chair for the dacha with your own hands from wood, having selected the drawings, you should not immediately take on complex projects. The first pancake is often lumpy, and to get the hang of it, you can try to implement the simplest options.

The simplest chair for a summer house consists of curved sides, bases, drawers and slats for the seat. Moreover, the only difficulty lies in cutting out the sidewalls. For production, plywood and wooden planks are used.

The sequence of actions is as follows:

The sidewalls are cut out with a jigsaw from 30 mm thick euro plywood. Next, the parts are chamfered with an ordinary grinder or a manual milling cutter, after which the future spars are processed with emery cloth;
the drawers (crossbars holding the sides together) are cut from the same plywood. The result should be 3 parts with dimensions 1200 x 100 mm. Sandpaper comes into play again;
for a seat that smoothly flows into the back, you need to cut 35 identical strips 1200 mm long. The material will be timber with a section of 50 x 25 mm. The parts are chamfered and the surface is sanded with sandpaper;
Next, you need to tie the sidewalls together with drawstrings. To do this, points are marked on one of them in three places, which are transferred to the second sidewall. Using an 8 mm drill, drill through holes at the designated points. Using a 5 mm drill, counter holes are drilled at the ends of all frames. Confirmats are used to connect elements;
It's time to attach the bars that will form the seat. To do this, drill 2 holes on each side of all the blocks, and use self-tapping screws for fastening. To recess the fastener heads into the wood, the holes are pre-countersinked;
All that remains is to treat the surface of the chair. To remove all cracks and dents, the wood is sanded. Next, the surfaces are treated with fine sandpaper, after which the wood is coated with a primer. The final stage is 3 thin layers of varnish.

Such a homemade chair for a summer house does not require much effort or complex measurements and calculations to make. However, the end result will be a truly chic piece of garden furniture. Experienced craftsmen can try making a more complex garden chair from bent plywood.

This is where both experience working with wood and a truly creative approach to the process will come in handy.

How to make a productive fan for a workshop from wood

Sawing a curved piece of wood

A wooden curved piece can be made either by sawing out the shape or by bending it. When cutting a wooden part, there is no need to use additional types of processing, special devices and knowledge, as is the case with bending.
In addition, cutting out a curved part saves time; cutting out a spatial shape is faster. But this is where the positive aspects of sawing, in comparison with bending, end.
If you cut out a curved product, a mass of irretrievably lost material is formed, which becomes waste. In addition, cross sections of conventional edged lumber fall within the radius zone of the cut part. This significantly worsens the appearance and complicates sanding and other finishing of the wood.
The manufactured part may break at the rounded sections of the fiber that run across the section.

Fan manufacturing process

To make a fan impeller, a circle with a diameter of 250 mm is cut out of 10 mm plywood.

It marks the center, then divides it into 8 equal sectors. A circle with a diameter of 140 mm is drawn on the disk using a compass.

The disk is drilled in the center to match the diameter of the shaft of the existing motor. On one side, use a chisel to select a small groove in it for the locking pin on the shaft.

The prepared blades are secured to the impeller disk using glue and self-tapping screws according to the sector markings. The part protruding beyond the circle must be cut off.

From fiberboard you need to cut a circle with a diameter of 250 mm with a hole in the center of 140 mm.

This blank is screwed to the impeller blades.

After this, the spacers are removed. The joint between the sheet metal and the plywood is sealed with duct tape.

A switch is installed on the snail, preferably with a motor rotation speed switch. The motor is connected to it.

At the outlet, an adapter to the ventilation duct is screwed to the volute. It could just be a piece of plywood with a tube inserted, if necessary, then flattened into a snail shape.

Features of a shell-type chair

When making a shell, you will need skill in using a jigsaw, the ability to transfer the dimensions of parts from drawings to the material, and experience in deforming plywood in order to bend it in the correct shapes and directions.

Note! When cutting out parts, it is important to achieve smooth movements of the jigsaw, which is quite difficult for an untrained person.

When making a shell chair without experience working with bent plywood, you can use pieces of scrap wood to train your hand for practice. To fasten the parts of such a chair, wood glue is mainly used, and clamps are used for fixation. You can use self-tapping screws as fasteners, but in this case you will have to drown their heads in the wood fibers.

Once the bent plywood shell chair is fully assembled, all bumps and chips are sanded, after which the surface is cleaned of dirt and dust. To give the product an aesthetic appearance, it is coated with several layers of varnish.

Breathe life into wood: the technique of realistic carved sculpture

Sculptural carving is rightfully considered the pinnacle of carving art. It is most logical to move on to the technique of creating three-dimensional figures after confidently mastering relief carving, which can be considered as a kind of intermediate step. In the presented material we will talk about the basic principles of sculptural wood carving, using the example of the work of the American artist Leah Wachter.

Why is this project convenient for a beginner? Firstly, it has a relatively simple carving algorithm, while the work itself looks very impressive. Secondly, it uses a basic set of tools, which in the future every carver who decides to take up sculpture will have to have. Finally, this project provides an opportunity to learn about wool texturing techniques. Mastering this technique is especially important for beginners, since they will have to constantly refer to it in the future, creating sculptures of animals in three-dimensional wood carving.

Start by transferring the design onto the linden blank. Using a band saw or jigsaw, cut the base along the outer contours of the side and top views. Draw a centerline to help maintain symmetry as you cut.

Using a Bogorodsk knife, symmetrically round the rabbit’s body: from the tail to the base of the ears (photo 1). Then move on to working on the chin angle: separating the lower jaw from the body. Using long longitudinal strokes of the knife, give the face a conical shape. Cut symmetrically, focusing on the center line (photo 2).

Start working on the tail: round it, partially separate it from the body and make it pointed (photo 3). Continue the symmetrical rounding of the body. Using a pencil, constantly redraw the working lines, which will help maintain the correct proportions.

Proceed to rough work on the hind legs. Draw schematic outlines on both sides of the workpiece; focus on the center line to make sure they are equal in shape and size. Make deep cuts along the lines with a knife. Using a narrow, straight chisel on each side of the sculpture, remove the wood above the outline of the hind legs, creating a pronounced half-volume (Photo 4).

Proceed to rough work on the front paws. Draw a working outline and separate it from the main part of the body by making a rectangular protrusion (photo 5).

Using the same Bogorodsk knife, work out the folds on the hind and front legs, making their contours more detailed (photo 6).

Move on to working on the eyes. Cut out symmetrical hemispheres. These circles should be proportionally larger, since in the future the eyes and eyelids will be cut out on them. Draw the outline of the muzzle and the back of the cheek (photo 7).

Detail the relief of the face along the outlined contours of the muzzle and cheeks. Switch sides frequently to keep the carvings symmetrical (Photo 8).

Having finished detailing the face, move on to the rough carving of the ears. Our sculpture's ears are not located at the same level, which gives it even more realistic plasticity. To achieve this effect, cut off the shaded part of the wood using a straight chisel following the previously applied hatching (photo 9).

Separate the ears from each other by making a series of V-shaped cuts. The separation should be deep, but not wide (photo 10).

Using the template as a guide, give the back of the ears the desired shape. Shade the outline of the ear cavities and select them using a cerasic - a small semicircular chisel (photo 11). Work carefully and slowly. Remember to alternate sides so that the wood carving is symmetrical and the sculpture itself is balanced.

Proceed to detailing the toes on the front and hind paws, using the main tool - a Bogorodsk knife (photo 12). Complete the outline of the tail (Pic 13).

Detail the shape of the eye by shaping the lower and upper eyelids (Pic 14). Using the drawn contours, fine-tune the relief of the nose and mouth (photo 15).

As in the classic Bogorodsk wood carving, the texture of the fur on this sculpture is created using a fine gravel. This process requires a certain perseverance, patience and accuracy. It is advisable to create recesses that imitate the structure of wool using pre-applied markings. The only non-textured areas on the sculpture are the ears, muzzle, tips of the paws and eyelids.

Having completed this stage, change the gravel to an angle chisel with a blade width of 6 mm and cut out individual areas on the chest, thus creating peculiar scraps of wool on the chest (photo 16).

Folding design

Together with classic folding chairs, you can independently make a Kentucky-type folding chair that is simpler in design, but with an unusual appearance. It will require bars of the same cross-section, which must be cut in accordance with the selected drawing. 4 long pins are used as fasteners, connecting all the bars together in different places. The rigidity of the structure is adjusted by tightening the nuts on these studs.

In fact, the different Kentucky models are as similar as possible to each other, and most importantly, when assembled they take up minimal space.

Making furniture on your own is a real creative process. With the right amount of imagination, you can turn even old, unwanted chairs into works of art.

This exciting process also saves a lot of money. There is nothing better than combining business with pleasure.

Cardboard cylinder hat

For matinees, very often in kindergartens and primary schools the parents themselves are asked to prepare a costume for their child. Ready-made costumes can be bought in children's clothing stores or ordered from online stores, but the baby will be much more pleased if mommy makes an outfit for the holiday with her own hands. And those present will appreciate the parental efforts and care.

An integral element of any costume is a headdress. In the outfits of a wizard, traveler or astrologer, you will certainly need an extravagant version of the hat - a top hat. And recently, top hats have even entered women's fashion. Women often use this accessory in addition to their outfit, not only as a headdress, but also as decoration (hairpin, brooch, mini-cylinder with a veil).

In the article we offer a step-by-step description of how to make a cylinder out of cardboard for various occasions (costume element, decoration).

Peculiarities

The simplest garden furniture is outdoor benches used in parks and squares. However, gardeners and vegetable gardeners often make chairs, benches, and benches designed for use in the garden, and not just on the veranda or gazebo.

Handmade, rustic furniture is much more durable than what you buy in furniture stores. In order to save money, furniture is often made from chipboard, somehow protected from moisture by an adhesive layer of film.

Sometimes wood dust is used together with plastic - scraps from other products, such as lumber. Both materials are diluted with epoxy resin or glue: for example, interior doors are cast. Establishing the production of such furniture for a summer house is not a problem: the slats and boards merged in this way have longitudinal voids inside and a box-shaped profile in cross-section.

However, natural wood, well dried and impregnated with a bioprotective composition (against microbes, fungi, mold), coated with a waterproof varnish that can last for years even in heat, frost and humidity, will last at least several decades.

An example is the same Soviet stores installed in city parks in the 70s of the last century, which in some places have survived to this day. There are no special secrets to their durability. These stores were painted with street paint every two years. Resistant to fading under conditions of annual changes in temperature, humidity and ultraviolet radiation.

Finally, making garden furniture is a test of the skills of a true owner. If you are a handyman, you can make a chair, for example, by having a dozen large pieces of wood after replacing the floors in the rooms.

Wizard (fakir) hat

To make a top hat for a children's party, you will need the following:

a sheet of black cardboard (you can pre-paint white paper with black gouache);
a strip of white paper;
paper plate (large);
paints (preferably acrylic or gouache);
brush;
paper clips – 2 pieces;
scissors with sharp ends;
glue (adhesive tape);

Description of work

Take a paper plate, carefully use the sharp end of the scissors to make a hole in the middle and cut out the middle in a circle (as shown in the photo). For convenience and a straight cut line, focus on the inner strip on the bottom of the plate.
Place the cut piece on the covered surface and cover it with black paint. Paint on top first, and after the paint has dried a little, turn it over and paint on the inside. If after drying there are still light spots, then cover the part with another layer of paint.
Set the painted piece aside until completely dry. Next, you can begin making the high part of the cylinder. To do this, take a wide strip of black construction paper and roll it into a tube. The diameter of the tube must match the hole cut in the plate. The width of the strip corresponds to the height of the hat: the wider the strip, the higher the hat will be.
Secure the folded strip with paper clips. You will get a hollow tube.

Place one edge of the tube on a sheet of black paper and trace along the outline. Cut out a circle and glue it to one edge of the tube.
Using tape, secure the free edge of the tube to the cut out plate.
Place a strip of black paper where the edges of the tube meet. For greater safety of the cylinder, glue the joints of the parts with tape.
Wrap a strip of white paper around the bottom of the hat in a circle, and glue a cut-out paper imitation buckle.

The result is an original top hat for a wizard's costume!

Application of pallets

To make some chairs, there is no need to look for drawings or practice wood processing. It is enough to take wooden products as a basis, which almost no one pays attention to. One of them is a pallet, or pallet, a rigid wooden container for transporting goods. A chair made from pallets will really look unusual and creative.

Another advantage of using this product is the high quality and strength of the wood from which it is made.

The pallets are dismantled and all the nails are taken out. The elements of the future chair must be sanded, and then the tray must be assembled in the reverse order.
The seat of the chair is formed by stacking pallets on top of each other to the desired height (usually 2 pieces are enough). The backrest also serves as a pallet, fixed perpendicular to the seat. By sawing the pallet crosswise into 2 parts, you can use it as armrests.

Before assembly, the parts are varnished in several layers. To ensure that the back and seat are not hard and look really chic, foam pillows in some unusual covers are placed on them.

Lead cylinder

A hat for a children's party differs from the presenter's top hat not only in the material from which it is made, but also in the color scheme. For the presenter, a more elegant hat is suitable. Therefore, we suggest covering a cardboard cylinder with shiny material (silk) and decorating it with a bright satin ribbon.

To make such an elegant headdress, you will need the following:

cardboard,
glue,
scissors,
black satin,
red satin ribbon;
thread and needle (sewing machine).

Progress

According to the diagram, make blanks from cardboard and similar ones from satin. The size of the workpieces must correspond to the volume of the head.

Glue the cardboard parts of the upper bottom and the pipe.
Sew a “bag” from fabric. Pull it over the top bottom and crown.
Cover the bottom circle with material and connect all the parts of the cylinder.
Sew a blind stitch inside.
Decorate the top of the cylinder with red satin and sew the edges of the ribbon.

Now your young presenter will be irresistible in such an elegant headdress!

Decor options

It should be said that even for such chairs, appearance is an extremely important aspect. At the same time, it is not necessary to buy any accessories for this at an exorbitant price. To do this, you can use some old unnecessary things. For example, the same pillows and bedspreads to make the chair not only beautiful, but also soft. For example, you can cover the seat and back with padding polyester, and simply stretch decorative fabric over this material.

It is better to fasten such upholstery using the simplest furniture stapler.

Cardboard cylinder clip

Not only boys love to show off in elegant hats. Young fashionistas are not one step behind them, and most often even ahead. In stores you can often see all kinds of hairpins, elastic bands and headbands using hats. We bring to your attention a master class on making such fashion accessories.

The following materials and tools will be useful in the work:

cardboard tubes from toilet paper or paper towels, tape;
cardboard;
scissors;
satin fabric;
lace;
rubber band for money;
glue gun;
decorative elements: beads, rhinestones, colored decorative feathers, etc.;
headband, hairpin or elastic band (depending on the purpose).

Let's get started

Take a ready-made cardboard cylinder (sleeve) or roll it out of cardboard. Using a stationery knife, cut a piece 4-6 cm wide from the edge.
Using a glass (mug), draw a circle on cardboard and cut along the contour. The diameter of the circle should be several centimeters larger than the diameter of the cut cylinder.
Glue the cut part of the sleeve in the middle of the circle.
Cover the top with fabric.

At the junction of the sleeve and the brim of the future hat, pull an elastic band for money.
Then continue to cover the edges of the hat with fabric. Fold the fabric down and glue it on the back side.
Decorate the workpiece to your liking. You can glue rhinestones and beads, colored wooden buttons, insert feathers and small artificial flowers.
Using a glue gun, secure the hat to the headband or glue a hairpin or elastic band to the bottom. For very little fashionistas, you can insert a thin rubber thread from two opposite edges of the hat brim.

No young fashionista will refuse such an original gift!

Recommendations for choosing wood

The choice of lumber is a matter of taste, provided that the product has a protective coating. Otherwise, the wood for garden furniture must be resistant to the external environment. In this case, both broad-leaved (chestnut, acacia, oak) and coniferous (false beetle, pine) are optimal.

To make a chair, you can use wooden pallets and pallet elements.

It is better to choose wood based on the available tools. Working with hard rocks without a finger knife, band saw and grinder will be much more difficult - cutting and processing of parts will be delayed and will not be of high quality. Don't forget that garden furniture has to be moved frequently, so the weight of the material is also an important factor when choosing wood.

The story of one hat

Well, we've sorted out the geometric figure, now let's talk about fashion. At the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th centuries, European hat makers invented an unusual hat - a top hat.

It was a tall (up to 30 cm) hat with a flat top and brim. Due to the high cost of the material from which these hats were made, wearing a top hat was considered a privilege for the upper classes. Initially, beaver felt was used to make hats, which brought the poor animals to the brink of extinction. A little later, chic silk top hats came into fashion.

Commoners also wore hats similar to a top hat, but they were made of felt and felt. When processing these materials, mercury salts were used, which are very harmful to health. Lewis Carroll's story about the mad hatter takes its roots from here - mercury vapor caused dementia in hatters. Perhaps the most famous person to wear such a hat on his head was Abraham Lincoln. And he used the top hat not only as an item of his wardrobe. It also served as a repository for secret correspondence. This headdress was also appreciated by magicians. The large size of the crown made it possible to make a double bottom and easily remove the rabbit from such a hat. Now the cylinder serves a decorative function; it can often be found at stylistic parties and weddings, and at magic shows.

Main material

The reliability of the future chair, its stability, and ability to cope with loads and various climatic conditions will depend on the choice of wood and the method of final processing. You can use an old chair or armchair as a base, having previously disassembled it into its components, or, conversely, modify existing furniture.

A material such as chipboard, which is used to make furniture, is not suitable for chairs, especially garden chairs. The reason for this is limited moisture resistance. In addition, chipboard is significantly inferior in strength to laminated and solid wood.

Natural wood is an absolutely harmless, environmentally friendly material, although not the cheapest. Wood is best suited for making a chair with your own hands. Before starting work, the bars and boards must be inspected for cracks, knots and other defects. Next, the material is sanded, a protective coating is applied, and after that, assembly can begin.

Note! Among all types of wood, preference should be given to alder, ash, birch or oak.

The reason is simple - the unusual pattern of the fibers is combined with the durability and wear resistance of products made from them. It should be added that chairs made of such wood, when properly processed, do not crack over time and do not creak.

Wood is popular in furniture production not only because of its beauty and naturalness. It easily tolerates loads and shocks and is practically resistant to plastic deformation. The only disadvantages are flammability and deformation under the influence of moisture. The last problem is again solved by competent final processing.

Making a magician's hat

Are you planning to make a magician's carnival costume? Then this step-by-step instruction will help you make its main attribute – the cylinder.

Once you learn how to make a cylinder out of paper, you can easily create a carnival hat. To make it you will need:

Black cardboard;
Scissors;
Pencil;
Scotch;
Glue;
Black fleece stripe;
Varnish and brush;

The first step is to take measurements. Measure your head circumference using a measuring tape. Consider how tall your hat will be and what size its brim will be. When making a paper cylinder, make the bottom and crown of the hat, and glue the parts together. To make the brim of a hat, you need to attach the resulting cylinder without a bottom to the cardboard and circle it. The next circle needs to be drawn from the same middle, its size relative to the first circle will be the size of the brim of your hat. To make it clearer, take a look at the picture:

Next you need to make the second part of the brim, which will be attached to the crown of the hat. Its size is the same as the first part, but do not rush to cut it. Inside this part you need to draw a circle, the diameter of which will be 1 cm less than the diameter of the base of the cylinder. Cut out the piece and fringe the inner circle.

Glue the two pieces of the fields together.

All that remains is to grease the teeth with glue and attach the brim to the hat. Inside the crown, glue a strip of fleece equal to the circumference of the head. It is needed so that the hat fits tightly on the head. Cover the finished hat with varnish and decorate with ribbon. You can go to the carnival!

Frequently asked questions from beginning furniture makers

Before you start making this or that design, you should familiarize yourself with the list of questions that beginners in this business often have.

How to cut parts?
When cutting longitudinal parts, it is better to use a circular saw, and for transverse parts, an electric jigsaw.

How to connect parts of the structure?
For connections that carry the main load, you will need to use euroscrews or self-tapping screws. In other cases, the parts are assembled using wooden choppers and glue.

Paint or varnish?
The choice of materials for processing depends on the quality of the wood itself. If the material does not have any defects, it can be treated with stain and then a layer of varnish can be applied. If stains appear on the surface, the wood must first be puttied, coated with a primer, and only then painted.

How to reduce the consumption of paints and varnishes?
Quite often, during final finishing, the paint is quickly absorbed into the surface, which is why bald spots remain on it. This happens because natural wood has a porous structure. That is why professionals recommend pre-treating it with drying oil.