The number of mobile communications devices in active use is constantly growing. Each of them comes with a charger supplied in the kit. However, not all products meet the deadlines set by the manufacturers. The main reasons are the low quality of electrical networks and the devices themselves. They often break down and it is not always possible to quickly purchase a replacement. In such cases, you need a circuit diagram for a phone charger, using which it is quite possible to repair a faulty device or make a new one yourself.
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Replacing the charging connector using the example of devices
Next we will show several examples on the following phones: Xiaomi, Sony, Lenovo, Samsung, iPhone, Meizu. And an example on a tablet from Samsung. Let's start with the iPhone.
If the iPhone has stopped charging and when you connect the charger you do not see any reaction, or there is a reaction, but the charge level continues to drop, then you need to replace the charging connector. But on the iPhone there is one feature - the charging connector is replaced together with the cable, since most often it is not the connector itself that fails, but the elements on the cable. This is what the cable and charging connector assembly looks like:
Samsung tablets and phones have very high quality connectors. The connector tongue has a metal base and a durable plastic backing. But even such charging connectors may stop working after exposure to water or very careless use. Most often, this is severe oxidation, which cannot be removed mechanically, or it is a broken tendril that bends deep into the connector and cannot be returned back. In this case, the charging connector is changed, but the new original one and the tablet/phone will charge again and work perfectly. Here are some examples in the photo:
Xiaomi, LG, Lenovo or Meizu phones use regular quality USB charging connectors. They often break due to the carelessness of the owner. Most often, phones come in for repairs with loose connectors and broken tabs. But there are cases when the connector is pulled out completely, along with the contacts on the board.
In this case, the cost of repair increases due to the high complexity of the work, since it requires a microscope, a high-quality soldering iron and increased accuracy, which is possible with non-shaking hands. This is because when restoring severed contacts, the sealed elements nearby can be damaged, which in turn complicates the situation and further requires qualified repairs. Here are some illustrative examples in the photo:
And the last example is Sony phones, which have very good USB charging connectors. They have a durable metal case that does not need to be soldered again. Inside the connector, the tongue and the back wall are made of high-quality plastic, which does not fall apart and only melts at temperatures above 250 degrees Celsius. Here is a photo where you can see a high-quality sealed connector under a microscope:
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Using the universal “frog”
You can charge the battery without using a charger. There are special “frogs” - universal devices that plug into the network and are capable of charging batteries. The cost of such a device is quite high, so it will be easier and cheaper to take the smartphone for repair. But if the situation is critical, or you or your friends/neighbors have such a thing, then you can try to use it to charge your phone. But pay attention to several disadvantages of using this method:
- High cost of the device.
- While the battery is removed and charging, you will not be able to use the gadget.
- If used incorrectly or using a low-quality model, there is a possibility of damage to the battery.
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What is a flyback converter?
Essentially, this device is a boost DC/DC converter, but with one significant difference.
First, let's look at a schematic example of how a standard boost DC/DC converter works.
The device operates using five main elements:
- throttle;
- capacitor;
- diode;
- PWM controller;
- transistor.
To operate all of the above elements, you will additionally need a power source. Let's depict all the elements schematically. Let's depict the transistor as a button so that it is clear when it is closed and open.
At the moment when the transistor is in the open position (when connecting the device to a power source), current should flow through the inductor and the transistor. But this does not happen as long as the inductor resists the passage of current.
When the inductor forms a magnetic field, it will no longer resist the flow of current. However, at this very moment the PWM controller is triggered and closes the transistor to prevent a short circuit.
After the transistor closes, the inductor attempts to release the accumulated magnetic field in the form of electricity. Essentially, the inductor itself becomes a source of current. Voltage appears at its contacts. This phenomenon is called self-induction.
We recommend reading: How to control a stepper motor without a controller
Using a PWM controller, you can not only regulate the magnitude of the magnetic field, but you can also change the voltage that goes to the capacitor and load.
A flyback converter differs from a step-up DC/DC converter in that it does not have a standard inductor, but a special one - a multi-winding one.
Although such a choke performs the function of a transformer, it is usually not called a transformer.
The flyback converter circuit, which is used in phone chargers, looks like this.
As you may have noticed, the power source in this case is the mains voltage in the outlet.
It is also worth noting that two more elements are added to the flyback converter circuit - a diode bridge and a transistor, which rectify and smooth out the mains voltage coming from the outlet.
The device works as follows:
- when the transistor is open, the first winding of a multi-winding inductor accumulates a magnetic field;
- when the transistor turns off, the second winding of the inductor dumps the magnetic field in the form of electricity onto the capacitor and then onto the load.
Please note: the lower output voltage is achieved due to the fact that fewer turns are wound on the secondary winding of the inductor than on the primary winding. In this case, the choke operates on the principle of a transformer.
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The charging connector on the phone is broken - charge directly
If you don't know how to change the charging socket on your phone, you can try to recharge the battery without having to use the power socket. The method is relatively complex and requires some skills in working with electricity. The point is this:
- You need to remove the battery from your phone.
- Cut off the insulation from the charger wire, expose the wires (unplug from the outlet).
- Strip the veins, determine where the plus and minus are.
- Find the corresponding terminals on the cell phone battery. It is important to observe the polarity of the wires and the device.
- Secure the wires and plug the plug into the socket.
It is strongly not recommended to use this method if you are not 100% confident in your skills. You should not carry out manipulations when you are alone at home; there must be a person nearby who could help you in case of a possible electric shock. Please note that this connection option is not normal for the battery and can lead to breakdown or premature depletion.
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Main reasons for failure
Replacing the charging connector of iPhone 5S, Nokia, Samsung and other types of phones may be required in several cases. The most common faults include:
Mechanical damage:
- The plug is inserted incorrectly and the contacts are damaged.
- The power cable is abruptly pulled out of the phone.
- A foreign object has been inserted.
- Falling or hitting a hard surface.
Pollution. Dust may get inside the devices. It could also be foreign parts that prevent the charger from working properly.
Moisture or liquid has entered. A flooded connector is often faulty. This causes the device to break the phone.
Defect in production. The connector paths were not soldered. After some time, a malfunction appears.
Often you have to deal with an already broken charging device. Using such a device or experimenting with it is incredibly dangerous - you can break the equipment. It is important to remember that replacing the power connector on a phone includes a specific list of steps, depending on the type of phone. For example, in devices manufactured today, everything is incredibly small. The arrangement of the parts is tight. This makes repairs somewhat difficult.
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How to make a USB cable with your own hands
Sometimes, to conveniently connect USB devices to a computer, you need an extension cord with the appropriate connector on hand.
Such cables can often be found on sale, but if desired, each craftsman can make it himself. Its production will take no more than 20 minutes, and such a cord will be of great use if there are many gadgets powered by USB, and the system unit itself is located inconveniently.
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Another universal file converter for Android. It can handle all types of documents, images, videos, music files. In addition, it can be used to conveniently convert e-books into various formats. It should be noted that not all file conversion applications support this feature.
The disadvantages of the program include uploading the converted data to the All File Converter . Although the information will be deleted after 24 hours, it still raises questions about protecting user privacy.
Apart from the above-mentioned drawback, All File Converter is a simple and convenient tool for converting documents, e-books, images, music and videos. The advantages of the program include a convenient minimalistic interface. The fact that the application is free is also a definite plus.
Why isn't my phone charging? Overview of the most common reasons
The operation of any gadget, be it a smartphone, regardless of whether it is Android or iOS from Apple, a laptop or other device, is closely related to the need to keep the battery charged. But it happens that no matter how hard you try, you cannot do this because the charger is not working properly. In this article, we will take a closer look at the most common reasons why your Samsung or iPhone does not charge, or more precisely, why the phone stopped charging.
Problems with the system charging connector:
- Poor contact between plug and connector
- Deformation of the system connector
Problems with the charger itself:
- Charger cable faulty
- Using a “dubious” charger
Battery problems:
- The battery is swollen
- The battery has lost its capacitive properties
Failure of the power controller.
Damage due to liquid ingress.
Problems with the system charging connector.
Often this circumstance is the answer to the question why the phone stopped charging. To figure out what kind of malfunction caused the failure in the phone charging process, you need to check as much as possible all the possible reasons for this. In some cases, the connector fails, and it happens that the phone shows charging, but does not charge.
Block diagram
The portable memory consists of the following components.
- Converter 5 → 14 Volt.
- A comparator that turns off the charge converter when the voltage on the lithium-ion battery reaches 12.8 Volts.
- Charge indicator – LED.
- Converter 12.6 → 5 Volts.
- A 7.5 Volt comparator that turns off the charger when the battery is deeply discharged.
- A timer that determines the operating time of the converter when the battery is critically discharged.
- Converter operation indicator 12.6 → 5 Volts - LED.
Switching voltage converter MC34063
It didn’t take long to choose a driver for the voltage converter, since there wasn’t much to choose from. At the local radio market, at a reasonable price ($0.4), I found only the popular MC34063 chip. I immediately bought a couple to find out if it was possible to somehow forcibly turn off the converter, since the datasheet for this chip does not provide for such a function. It turned out that this can be done by applying supply voltage to pin 3, intended for connecting the frequency-setting circuit.
The picture shows a typical circuit of a step-down pulse converter. The forced shutdown circuit, which may be needed for automation, is marked in red.
In principle, having assembled such a circuit, you can already power your phone or player if, for example, the power is supplied from ordinary batteries (batteries).
I will not describe in detail the operation of this chip, but from the “Additional Materials” you can download both a detailed description in Russian and a small portable program for quickly calculating the elements of a boost or buck converter assembled on this chip.
