Internet portal 1wood.ru is a specialized resource that combines information about the Russian timber industry, as well as companies and specialists working in it.
How to make a paint booth for furniture with your own hands
What is needed in order to make a spray booth? You need to understand what a spray booth (painting booth) consists of. The function that the cabin must perform is the hood function.
So the components of the spray booth:
1. Housing 2. Fan 3. Lamp 4. Control panel or relay 5. Cable set 6. Filter set.
For a more comprehensive diagram of the cabin structure, I link to the diagram https://optimumteh.ru/product/suhaya-kabina-okc
The spray booth with dry filters has 2 levels of filtration:
1 Level – corrugated cardboard filter (retains paint when sprayed up to 15 kg/per sq.m.) 2 Level – fiberglass filter (floor-mounted in rolls) is installed directly in front of the fan and provides additional cleaning of paint residues.
The use of a 2-level filtration system allows you to improve the quality of air purification.
Sometimes only glass fiber filters are used, but this is not economically feasible, since their holding capacity is 3.4-4.5 kg per square meter. meter of waste, they clog up very quickly and you have to change them often, and the cabin also loses suction power.
The verifier must have a certain explosion protection class (motor) in order to protect it from explosion.
The lamp must also be explosion-proof - usually IP66, but you can use equipment with a higher safety class.
What kind of paint booth to make and why side walls?
The size of the spray booth depends on what product you plan to paint, that is, if the product is 1.5 meters, then it is better to make the booth 2 meters (to allow maneuvering and turning of the products). It is also very important to choose the correct fan power. It should not be too weak so that the paint sits on the floor and does not stretch out. And not too powerful, since the paint will be drawn out and not have time to reach the product.
What side walls should be made in the cabin and what are they for?
Side machines are the depth of the working area; they are needed to narrow the air flow that the painting booth draws in. This is quite important if the cabin will be located in a large room. For example, the cabin is 2 meters and the total wall is 5 meters, it is better to make side walls, but if the cabin is 2 meters and the rear wall of the room is 3 meters, you don’t have to make the depth.
An organized hood is definitely necessary! They remove solvent vapors, clear the air of paint and ensure the creation of conditions for painting products.
The second no less important element of the painting area is the air supply (air preparation unit), which must blow air into this room. Moreover, the air must be heated and purified.
We design, manufacture and install painting booths and clean rooms of all types and sizes! Complex and non-standard projects are our specialty!
Furniture painting is the main stage of production, affecting both the appearance and performance of furniture. High-quality painting of furniture parts is impossible without equipment such as a spray booth for painting small parts. After all, the camera turns the painting production into a work area with acceptable working conditions for personnel. Painting booth for furniture Expert priced from RUB 45,000. Cabins with a dry filter and a water curtain are available in the warehouse of the painting equipment manufacturer Expert Group.
What is a paint booth
The spray-drying booth is often used for painting work on cars and trucks. A special feature of the chamber is the presence of a special ventilation system and temperature control.
So that when painting, no small particles can get onto the paint layer. And also during drying, the necessary temperature conditions are created for the process to proceed correctly.
The powder paint polymerization chamber is distinguished by a special system for influencing the layer so that the adhesion strength of the composition is high.
Thus, the painting chamber is the place where the required conditions are created for applying and drying the paint and varnish material. Depending on the type, the arrangement of the room will differ.
The powder paint polymerization chamber is distinguished by a special system for influencing the layer so that the adhesion strength of the composition is high.
Room ventilation, air purification and drying
A do-it-yourself paint shop is built taking into account all the requirements of painting technology and safety. Properly arranged air ventilation plays a key role here. It is responsible for purifying the air, as well as ensuring that paint mist is properly deposited and removed.
Depending on what principle is used in the room ventilation system, two types of chambers are distinguished:
- with one motor;
- with two motors.
In the first case, air is supplied to the room from above, and the fog settles down - the necessary pressure is applied to it. Finally it is discharged through an individual channel arranged for this purpose. In the second case, one of the motors pumps air, the second sucks it out, removing it from the chamber.
Spray booth ventilation
The design will require high-performance ceiling air filters to eliminate the possibility of foreign particles entering the painting area. For this purpose, it is recommended to choose air filters that operate in a two-phase mode - in the first phase, large types of contaminants are removed, in the second - small ones. It is important to take into account that it is necessary to clean both incoming and outgoing air flows. Filters installed at the bottom clog faster and will have to be replaced much more often.
The installation of filters should provide for the possibility of turbulence in the air flow with enamel particles - to do this, you need to correctly position them around the perimeter of the room and take into account the air pressure.
After painting, the car will need to be dried - a special device is installed for this. For drying, a heat generator is used, which operates on an advantageous type of fuel. Some people use infrared heaters for this purpose. The main requirement for drying is a uniform supply of heat to avoid overheating.
Supply and exhaust ventilation in the painting booth
See also:
How to make a compressor with your own hands
Advantages and functional features of the paint box
A car painting booth has a number of advantages over working in a regular garage. Due to the special arrangement, the possibility of dust and other contaminants getting onto the base after applying paint is eliminated, which is very important when covering the surface of a car.
There is also the possibility of creating a homemade camera. The process is not so complicated, if you do not violate the technology and take into account fire safety requirements, the result will be of a high level.
Due to the special arrangement, the possibility of dust and other contaminants getting onto the base after applying paint is eliminated.
Interior arrangement
What kind of material can be used to cover wall surfaces? Clapboard was used for many years. Experts do not recommend using such finishing material, as it is quickly and easily flammable.
In most cases, stainless steel and non-flammable insulating materials are used when finishing a room. This combination allows you to:
- Ensure the required tightness.
- Ensure a high degree of fire safety.
- Create the most favorable conditions for work.
Do not forget that it is prohibited to use materials that can collect dust indoors.
In addition, attention is paid to the choice of paint that will be used to paint the walls and ceiling. It is recommended to use white powder paint
It provides correct color rendering, which will significantly simplify the task of painting a car.
Correct lighting
A homemade car painting booth should also have good professional lighting. In most cases, fluorescent lamps are installed. According to the stated requirements, the illumination level of the spray booth must correspond to 600-1000 lux. In this case, light sources must be correctly placed in the room.
The features of proper organization of lighting in a vehicle painting room include the following points:
The most successful place to place light sources is considered to be the ceiling and the top of the walls. In order to eliminate the possibility of glare on the surface, several additional lamps are installed along the wall. They will also provide the required level of illumination to the underside of the vehicle. A garage measuring at least 4 by 6 meters is suitable for a spray booth. Placing light sources too close to the vehicle can create a lot of problems. Do not forget that lamps should be protected from paint
Over time, a large layer of paint droplets will significantly reduce the transparency of the installed protection. When connecting light sources, it is recommended to pay attention to their power. The wiring must be designed to withstand the load.
As a rule, only after a series of experiments on the location of light sources can the optimal option be achieved.
Ventilation system
To ensure favorable working conditions, attention should be paid to creating a high-quality ventilation system. As previously noted, it must have a filter, purify indoor air and remove foggy paints
Depending on the type of equipment installed, there are two types of premises:
The ventilation system being created must have a high-performance filter that is designed to remove dust and paint particles from the air. It is recommended to install two-phase filters: they remove dust from the air in two stages, which determines their high efficiency.
When designing a system, the performance indicator is also taken into account, for which a filter with a certain throughput is selected. The recommended ventilation performance for a spray booth is 20−25 cm/s.
A filter designed to clean the air removed from the room will quickly become dirty. That is why it should be possible to quickly replace it.
It is important to correctly position the inlet and outlet systems, since in some cases a turbulence effect may occur in the chamber. In addition, too rapid movement of air in the chamber can affect the progress of paintwork.
As a rule, pressure adjustment is carried out through special holes.
When arranging the painting chamber, attention is paid to the uniform distribution of the supplied hot air. The surface should not be overheated, as this will lead to deterioration in the quality of the paintwork due to its uneven drying
“>
Varieties
The equipped room can be done in different ways; the requirements for the arrangement depend on what they intend to paint. This could be a car, furniture, or other parts. For example, there is a chamber for powder painting. Therefore, you need to understand the types of cameras in order to choose the appropriate option.
The equipped room can be done in different ways; the requirements for the arrangement depend on what they intend to paint.
Powder
The powder coating chamber must be equipped with lighting, transport elements and a monitoring and control panel. Externally, this is a box made of dense metal, where polymerization of powder paint takes place, and can be lined with polymer materials.
The powder coating chamber must be equipped with lighting, transport elements and a monitoring and control panel.
For furniture
Furniture factories often use a special painting chamber, where wood undergoes all stages of coloring. This is how the material is prepared, painted and dried. There are different types of premises:
- Dry type;
- With water curtain;
- Excessive pressure.
Furniture factories often use a special painting chamber, where all stages of wood coloring take place.
For details
A powder coating or other type of painting chamber can be designed for a variety of parts that require optimal working conditions. To create the necessary parameters for sanitary work and increased productivity.
Powder coating or other types of painting chambers can be designed for a variety of parts.
With water curtain
A water curtain spray booth, like other spray booths, helps remove harmful solvents from the air that evaporate when paint is sprayed. This type provides three levels of air purification:
- Frontal water curtain;
- Internal air purification;
- Dry filtration.
A water curtain spray booth, like other spray booths, helps remove harmful solvents from the air that evaporate when paint is sprayed.
Painting and drying chamber
Such chambers are used for applying liquid paints and varnishes. To ensure even distribution of paint particles on the base, creating optimal and safe conditions for painters to work. It also prevents the release of harmful substances into the environment.
Such chambers are used for applying liquid paints and varnishes.
Made from polyethylene
Special polyethylene is used; it is distinguished by its ability to magnetize so that dust particles are retained on its surface. This way you can avoid them settling on the paint layer. The matte film is stretched onto the walls; usually its effect is sufficient to paint 10-12 cars.
Special polyethylene is used; it has the ability to magnetize so that dust particles are held on its surface.
Example of a paint booth from furniture production
Here are photos of a paint booth that were taken during a tour at a real operating enterprise.
The paint shop has three main compartments or areas, all rooms are completely lined with tin:
Primer application area
A dry filtration system is installed along the lower edge of the room wall. The painting station is equipped with an air supply system, a table for preparing paintwork materials and a stand for applying primer.
| Rice. 7. Priming room in the painting booth |
| Rice. 8. Priming room in the painting booth |
Drying area
The paint shop includes a separate room for drying primed and painted parts. Warm air is pumped into the room by fans, plus an additional heating system.
Inside the dryer in the photo there are painted parts on movable shelves.
| Rice. 9. Drying area for painted parts |
Paint and varnish application area
The room for applying paint and varnish is equipped with fireproof lighting. A ceiling filter is located in the ceiling to filter the forced air.
| Rice. 10. Lighting and ceiling filter in the spray booth |
The spray booth is equipped with a water wall through which air is purified and recirculated. Below is a water pool covered with metal bars. Most of the paint mist settles in the pool of water.
| Rice. 11. Spray booth |
Behind the water wall there is a special installation that automatically collects foam that forms on the surface of the water.
| Rice. 12-13. Installation for collecting foam from the surface of water in a painting booth |
If the paint booth for applying paint and varnish is not equipped as it should be, then the spray settles on the equipment and parts. If we don’t clean it carefully, we’ll end up with a mess like this one in this primer.
What is needed to create a paint booth
A DIY paint booth requires the preparation of tools and materials. Knowing what is needed will help you create an estimate for the work. This way you can understand whether it’s worth pursuing the process or limiting yourself to renting a camera. List of required materials:
- A room with dense walls and floors;
- Ventilation;
- Filter system;
- Thermal generator;
- Wall covering material;
- Reinforcement grid to cover the floors.
A DIY paint booth requires the preparation of tools and materials.
Ventilation system design
The spray booth must have a high-quality ventilation system, as it is one of the key factors. The system must be equipped with a filter, which will ensure air purification, eliminating the deposition of paint mist. Single-engine and dual-engine units are available for sale. The first type blows air from above, as a result the fog settles down and is discharged through a special hole. Two motors provide air injection and exhaustion. When a spray booth is made, it can also be equipped with an air filter. It is best to choose a two-phase variety; this model will be able to capture large contaminants and will also get rid of small particles. It is important to choose ventilation systems whose air flow speed is equal to the limit of 20 to 25 cm per second.
Requirements for a spray booth
There are certain requirements that should be taken into account to create a quality room for painting:
- High-quality ventilation and air purification are created;
- Adjustment of temperature indicators so that differences do not exceed 3 degrees during drying;
- Good lighting to see all the flaws;
- Compliance with safety rules.
It is important to make the room airtight; any breeze can greatly affect the temperature, which leads to the formation of defects.
It is important to make the room airtight.
Exhaust and ventilation system in the painting booth
The chamber helps to start the required air flow in the room, clean it of contaminants, and eliminate harmful substances present in the paint. Obtain the required temperatures for drying.
The chamber helps to start the required air flow in the room, clean it of contaminants, and eliminate harmful substances present in the paint.
What tasks does she perform?
You need to paint your car not just in the garage, but in a specially prepared place. This means a special camera that ensures the following conditions and functions:
- Cleaning street air from dust, heated air, as well as paint residues and unpleasant odors.
- Car painting. Here it is important to understand that for work you will still need air, which is drawn into the room, heated to 20 degrees, and then drawn outside.
- Paint drying. Drying paintwork is a very long process that must be carried out under the most favorable conditions. To do this, you need to purify the air and supply it at a temperature of 60 degrees Celsius.
The spray booth has a huge number of advantages, among which is the complete absence of dust, which interferes with normal painting . The design of the air inflows ensures normal air supply and completely cleans it. In addition, there should be no drafts in the chamber, which is achieved by a unique ceiling system. Of course, such a pleasure is very expensive, but if you want, you can build such a camera yourself, and also paint cars professionally.
Mode of application of cleaning and ventilation systems
Air masses are purified through three filters: coarse cleaning, where dust and heavy particles are removed; cleaning, the filter is located behind the heating element; fine cleaning, which is located behind the air duct.
It is necessary to install the filtration system so that filter replacement is easy.
It is necessary to install the filtration system so that filter replacement is easy.
Types of compressor filters
Depending on their purpose, compressor filters can be divided into groups.
- Air filters for compressor. They are made from paper or fabric. Such filters filter out coarse particles of dust and dirt, so they must be cleaned regularly and changed promptly, which will extend the life of the compressor by up to 15%. Filters differ in size, thread, and performance.
- Oil filters trap oil particles. Such devices lengthen the overhaul cycle of the compressor, as they remove foreign particles from the lubricating fluid, which cause wear on the unit components. Experts advise using filters of the same brand for each compressor to ensure the greatest efficiency of joint operation. Oil filters differ in maximum temperature, pressure, and performance.
- Panel filters are installed on the compressor housing at the air inlet to the unit. They prevent large debris from entering the compressor. This is the frame in which the filter material is located. Such a filter must be constantly blown with compressed air to maintain high quality cleaning.
Heating system
Working temperature standards must be observed in order to obtain a high-quality result without putting the painter at risk of health problems. The following points can be noted regarding the heating system:
- Conventional heating and electric heating elements will be sufficient for the winter period;
- A heat gun will help warm up the room and ceiling areas;
- A heat generator is only needed for large jobs, otherwise the expense is not justified.
Working temperature standards must be observed in order to obtain a high-quality result and not expose the painter to the risk of health problems.
Ventilation systems and their types
Ventilation systems are usually divided into two main types:
- ventilation with a single-engine unit, where the air is heated inside the room and always from above;
- ventilation with dual-motor units, where in addition to the forcing air from above there is also a lower unit that sucks out the air.
Both types of cameras have a similar operating principle and good isolation from the external environment. In both of them, air is forced into the painting room through a ceiling filter. And excess pressure is created, which squeezes out the air with the paint. The air outlet passes through the second floor or through a trench in the floor.
As for the units, in a dual-motor paint booth, one engine will supply air to the painter, and the other will suck it out. And this will happen on this principle of operation, when a little more air is supplied than is taken out. It turns out that, although the air exchange in the drying chamber becomes more active, vacuum does not occur.
The essence of the air exchange occurring in the room can be explained in other words. To do this, imagine the following picture: in front of us is a plastic canister with a closed lid, in which two holes are made. One hole is opposite the other. We release cigarette smoke into the canister. After this, we blow clean air into one of the holes. What's happening? Smoke will come out of the other hole. We take a vacuum cleaner and thread the hose into the hole where the smoke was coming from. And we will have more active air exchange.
The video shows how to make a spray booth with your own hands:
Now about twin-engine paint booths. They are generally not economically viable for self-production. You will have to make a complex design. This is a rather complex device that involves a suction motor that creates a vacuum. But everything needs to be done in such a way that clouds of vapor from paint or varnish do not pass through the structure itself, and also do not deposit on the blades. Otherwise, it will cause the device to become unbalanced.
Let's move on to the ceiling, where we will consider the design for supplying clean air. It is from here that it will enter the painting booth. And in order to successfully assemble the structure with your own hands, you need to buy the following materials: air vents, “snail”, filters. You will also need to make your own container into which the air will initially flow.
Let's start with the "snail". This is a kind of device that pumps air. The main purpose of the “snail” is to provide supply and exhaust ventilation. Such devices are equipped with galvanized steel impellers and curved lamellas, which increase their productivity and pressure.
In addition, each ventilation method has both advantages and disadvantages. And if at home the use of dual-motor ventilation is not considered cost-effective, some still use it. The fact is that two-chamber options provide better ventilation and air circulation. And if your paint center expects a large flow of traffic, then building a dual-motor ventilation option will be a profitable proposition.
On the contrary, if you think that you will limit yourself to painting a few cars, building a single-motor camera will be more correct.
The video shows the correct operation of the ventilation unit:
The most ideal option would be to build a camera inside another room, and not separately. If it is possible to install the painting machine inside the workshop where the main type of work will be carried out, all that remains is to dig trenches for air removal. As for the walls, they can be built from plasterboard, which is sheathed on a metal frame. In this case, you can use mineral wool, which provides thermal insulation.
Now about the floor. Two trenches should be dug and always parallel. At the point where they are brought out onto the street, combine them into one common one.
Subsequently, the trenches can be covered with a metal grid or welded ceilings made from angles or pipes.
And further. In order for air to be discharged evenly along the entire length of the room, the trench should be made in such a way that the gap narrows towards the air outlet. Otherwise, if this is not done, air exchange will occur only at the point where it goes outside.
Interior decoration and arrangement
For interior decoration, it is advisable to use non-combustible materials in order to comply with safety standards. This is how a metal profile is often chosen. Also, non-combustible materials are selected for thermal insulation work.
For ease of work, an area is allocated for storing the necessary equipment and materials.
For interior decoration, it is advisable to use non-combustible materials in order to comply with safety standards.
Water curtain chambers
Such equipment is presented in several variations on the construction market. The choice is made taking into account the objects that will be painted in them. So there can be chambers without side walls and floor, with an active water floor and walls, etc. It is important to decide in advance what work will be performed in the chamber.
It is important to decide in advance what work will be performed in the chamber.
Choosing a color for the camera
When painting booths for furniture are made, the walls and ceiling are most often painted white. Experts recommend using powder paint for this. This approach will ensure correct color rendering and also facilitate the dyeing process. It is advisable to provide the cell with a utility room in which all kinds of items, equipment and inventory will be stored.
Consumables
To paint a vehicle, you will need to purchase other consumables. It is necessary to study their features in advance.
To paint a vehicle, you will need to purchase other consumables.
Cardboard pleated filter
Necessary to catch varnish, paint and other substances in the paint mist. This way the waste is collected without affecting the speed of air masses.
Necessary to catch varnish, paint and other substances in the paint mist.
Floor filter in rolls
Fiberglass material that absorbs small particles of fog; in terms of thickness, the best option would be a 7-centimeter option. Convenient to use, fire resistant.
Fiberglass material that absorbs small particles of fog; in terms of thickness, the best option would be a 7-centimeter option.
Fiberglass filters in cardboard frame
They are suitable for dry chambers and are installed in the 2nd level of filtration. They are distinguished by a good degree of air purification and durability of use.
They are suitable for dry chambers and are installed in the 2nd level of filtration.
Coconut fiber filters for water cabins
Suitable for high humidity, usually installed for the third degree of air purification. They can be washed several times for reusable use.
Suitable for high humidity, usually installed for the third degree of air purification.
Ceiling filter (for supply ventilation)
Required for the third stage of cleaning the intake air flow. They decide which type to choose based on the requirements for air purity. The filter also helps to equalize air masses.
Required for the third stage of cleaning the intake air flow.
Adhesive coating for dust protection
Necessary for removing dust particles during drying, painting and sanding the surface. It is distributed with a roller over the base; when the effectiveness decreases, a new layer is made.
Necessary for removing dust particles during drying, painting and sanding the surface.
Water Cabin Paint Remover
If you introduce the product into a water cabin, solid particles of material will bind, which will help remove paint waste without draining the water from the cabin. This ensures that the strong odor from the paint is eliminated.
If you introduce the product into a water cabin, solid particles of material will bind, which will help remove paint waste without draining the water from the cabin.
A powder paint booth or other paint booth helps provide the necessary conditions for high-quality painting, as well as safe work. In order to save money, you can make such a room yourself.
Spray booth with dry filters
Due to its design, when painting in a dry spray booth, excess paint mist and contaminated air are removed from the paint application area, while cleaning it. All this works with the correct selection of the fan.
Watch a video review of a spray booth with a dry filter
What happens when using a spray booth with dry filters?
When operating a dry spray booth, the following processes occur:
- removing paint particles and dust from the spray area
- removal of paint aerosol, while preventing its spread into adjacent rooms
- conditions are provided for obtaining high quality paintwork
- the air that is removed from the painting area is cleared of mechanical paint particles that remain in the filters and released into the atmosphere.
| Video.1. Spray booth with dry filters |
Why is it important to choose the right fan power?
If the fan is weak, which means insufficient suction power, then solvent vapors remain in the air and the paint settles on the floor and walls.
If the fan is too strong, the paint is removed before it even reaches the parts to be painted.
How is air filtered in a dry spray booth?
The air flow, which is contaminated with paint and varnish products, moves by inertia with the help of a fan into the chamber opening where one or two filters .
What types of filters are there for spray booths?
The main types of filters for spray booths are corrugated cardboard, fiberglass floor filters in rolls and frames, coconut fiber for water spray booths and a fine ceiling filter.
What types of filters are there for a dry spray booth?
Filters for dry spray booths are:
Cardboard filter
The principle of operation of a cardboard filter is as follows: particles of paint and varnish hit the inner wall of the filter several times and settle there, and the air continues to move by inertia, with no loss of air speed during suction.
An example of calculating the filtering capacity of a dry filter
For example, you have a dry spray booth 2 meters long with a suction area of 3.6 sq.m. This area corresponds to two pieces of cardboard filter 0.9 meters high and 2 meters wide.
The filter holds about 15 kg of paint per 1 sq.m. It turns out that the filter of our spray booth will hold 54 kg of paint waste. To calculate, we simply multiply the holding capacity of the filter by its area: 15 kg/sq.m.*3.6 sq.m. = 54 kg.
| Rice. 3. Cardboard filter in rolls |
Glass fiber filter
The fiberglass filter is made of fluffy interwoven glass fiber that is impregnated with a special compound. The filter retains paint mist particles.
