To spite scrap metal collectors: homemade products from a washing machine engine

Agree, it’s nice to be a car owner. But it’s even more enjoyable to build a cool car with your own hands.

Today we will share information about what you need to build a cool car in your garage.

A Kit Car or “component car” is a set of parts from which the buyer can assemble the car themselves or entrust the assembly to a third party. Kits can vary significantly in content, ranging from those in which the complete set + instructions to those in which the set of parts is not complete (that is, for example, you will have to order the engine and transmission separately).

When assembling such a car yourself, it will not hurt you:

• spacious garage;
• a complete set of necessary tools;
• good knowledge of auto mechanics;
• support team in the form of friends who will always help.

The importance of the team is difficult to overestimate. For example, the guys in the video below assembled the car in just 7 days!

What can an engine from an old washing machine look like?

If you are planning to make homemade products from a used engine, you need to figure out what it is and what it is capable of. In washing machines you can find three types of motors: asynchronous, brushless and commutated. Let's take a closer look at them:

• Asynchronous - can be two-phase or three-phase. Two-phase engines are found in older Soviet-made models. More modern machines are equipped with three-phase. The design of such an engine is extremely simple; it can reach speeds of up to 2800 rpm. The working engine removed from the machine just needs to be lubricated - and it is ready for new exploits.

Such motors are characterized by quiet operation. Their only drawback is their impressive dimensions.

• Commutator – you will find this type of motor in the design of most household appliances. Such devices can operate from direct and alternating current, have compact dimensions and a controlled speed. The only drawback of such an engine is the brushes that wear out, but these parts can be replaced if necessary.

It must be admitted that, in comparison with an asynchronous motor, such a motor is noisier. In addition, it often overheats and even sparks

• Brushless direct drive is the most modern motor from the Korean manufacturer. You will find it in modern washing machines from LG and Samsung.

Such models are the most compact. They are characterized by wear resistance, simplicity of design and high efficiency.

Now that you can determine the type of motor, all that remains is to decide where you can use the motor from the washing machine.

Black Raven

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This SUV was built completely from scratch, without using chassis from other cars. The frame and aluminum body are made entirely by hand, the suspension is independent, torsion bar from the armored personnel carrier. The car is driven by a five-liter V-shaped eight-cylinder engine from Oldsmobile, producing 170 horsepower. The transmission is automatic, the drive goes to the rear wheels, a gearbox from a ZIL 157 is installed on the axle. The two-seater SUV is capable of moving over rough terrain at speeds of about 100 km/h while maintaining relative comfort for the driver and passenger. Despite the rear-wheel drive, due to its light weight it has impressive off-road capabilities. In case the car still manages to be “landed,” an anchor-shovel with an electric drive from a winch is installed under the bottom, capable of moving the car onto the hull in any conditions. A unique SUV was created by a master from Karaganda.

We properly disassemble and decide what can be made from parts of an old washing machine

Disassembling a washing machine is a leisurely task. After working with water, a salt build-up may remain on the parts; it must be carefully removed so as not to damage the parts during removal. What can be made from an old washing machine? A motor will be useful for homemade projects - it will become the basis for many devices. The drum will also come into play. It is usually made of stainless steel. All pipes must be disconnected from the drum. A loading hatch may also be useful. In addition to these parts, do not rush to throw away springs, counterweights and body parts.

For those who are versed in electronics, you may need a circuit board - it can easily be used to find spare parts for repair work if necessary.

Homemade Batmobile from Shanghai

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Fans of Batman films around the world dream of the Batmobile, a stunningly designed superhero car that has many different features that are not available in ordinary production cars. And engineer Li Weilei from Shanghai decided to realize this dream with his own hands. He created a real Batmobile that looks like it came straight out of movie theaters. At the same time, the Chinese spent less than 10 thousand dollars on the construction of this machine. The Shanghai Batmobile, of course, does not have ten different types of weapons and does not drive at a speed of 500 kilometers per hour, but in appearance it exactly replicates the Batman car shown in the latest films about this hero.

How to make a sharpener or grinding device from a washing machine engine

A sharpener is one of the most popular tools for the home. It can be used to sharpen garden tools, household knives and scissors. If you don’t already have one, buy it at any tool store or make a sharpening machine from a washing machine. The most difficult part is how to attach the sanding wheel to the motor. The easiest way is to buy a ready-made flange. It looks something like this.

Flange for motor

You can machine a flange from a metal pipe of a suitable diameter; most often, a tube with a cross-section of 32 mm is suitable. You need to cut a piece 15 centimeters long from it, this is quite enough to fix the emery. The flange is secured to the motor shaft by welding or a through bolt. The video describes in detail how a homemade washing machine sharpener works:

What is required for a homemade car

Before assembling your own vehicle, you need to carefully consider every step and all the details of the work ahead. First you need to decide on the main purpose of creating the machine. The design itself and the capabilities of future transport depend on this. If you need a universal household assistant, capable of lifting significant loads and passing any obstacles, then you will need to stock up on special parts and materials, and also focus on a reinforced structure. When creating a model of a sports car or any other fashion car, you need to think about the appearance.

In addition, different components are needed to work with motorcycles, scooters and various trailers. However, in any case, a homemade car, created with your own hands, requires several wheels, sheets of steel, special bolts for metal structures, a steering wheel, transmission, screws, etc.

Making a wood lathe from a washing machine

What else can you do with the washing machine motor? One popular idea is a wood lathe. Let's look at the step-by-step process.

Paper cars from the times of the USSR:

VAZ 1111 diagram

To save an image of the car, right-click on it and click “Save image as...”.

Interesting facts: Oka was designed as a car for the disabled. At the beginning, they planned to make the car based on a motorized stroller. Produced from 1987 to 2008.

Zhiguli 2101 car template for printing

Facts: The Kopeyka was recognized as the best domestic car of the 20th century according to the results of a 2000 survey conducted by the Za Rulem magazine. From 1970 to 1988, 4.85 million cars were produced.

Car VAZ 2102 (template)

Do you know? Based on the VAZ 2102, from 1980 to 1981, 47 electric vehicles were created, which were called VAZ 2801.

Diagram of the Zhiguli 2103 car

Facts: The car was developed jointly with the Italian company Fiat. The basis of this model was the Fiat 124. The first 518 VAZ-2103 cars were manufactured in 1972, but they did not go into retail sale; they were bought by VAZ employees, as well as employees of other factories that were involved in production. Produced from 1972 to 1984.

Lada 2104 car diagram

Interesting facts: For the first time, the VAZ-2104 introduced an innovation that went into mass production and was available to citizens of the USSR - heated rear window and rear wiper. Previously, this was used only for cars that were exported.

Car model VAZ 2105

From the history. For the first time in the USSR, the “five” used a timing belt instead of a conventional chain. Although the “five” was produced a year longer than the “six”, there were twice as many “sixes” produced.

2nd option, racing car

Zhiguli 2106 car diagram made from paper

Interesting fact: Rightfully one of the most popular cars of the USSR. Over all, 4.3 million cars were produced. A luxury version called LADA 1300 SL was produced for export; this modification was equipped with an oil pressure sensor. A right-hand drive version was also produced, number 21062.

Lada 2107 template for printing

Facts: VAZ 2107 is an improved modification of the VAZ 2105. This car was exported under the names Lada 1500, Lada Riva, Lada Nova, Lada Signet.

VAZ 2108 template

Did you know? Some parts and components of the eight were developed jointly with Porsche.

2nd Varant, racing model

VAZ 2109 diagram

Interesting: A version for the European market was assembled at the Finnish Valmet Automotive plant from 1996 to 1998. The model name was Lada Samara Baltic. It featured a more modern front fascia and also offered an airbag as an option.

VAZ 2110 car scan

Interesting: the first test copy of the “ten” appeared back in 1985, but mass production began only in 1995. The model was produced until 2007 and it was possible to install electric windows and power steering.

VAZ 2111 diagram

Did you know? This model was produced not only in Tolyati, but also in Cherkassy.

Car VAZ 2112

VAZ 2114 car diagram

Did you know? VAZ 2114 was assembled not only in Tolyati, but also in Zaporozhye.

How to make a simple feather removal machine for home use from a washing machine with your own hands

The time of slaughtering a bird is a troublesome stage. This is usually done in the fall, when the ducks and broilers have reached the desired weight, and it is no longer profitable to keep them in the winter. You need to pluck several dozen or even hundreds of carcasses very quickly. You can get rid of hard labor with the help of a feather removal machine, and it’s easy to do everything from the same parts of the washing machine.

The only thing that can cause difficulties is the search for rubber fingers with threads - beaters. You will have to order them, so keep in mind that you need to think about making the machine long before slaughter

The device does not require disassembling the washing machine. It is especially convenient to use machines with vertical loading. You just need to fix the beats in the drum so that they point inward. Before plucking, the chicken carcass must be scalded with boiling water and then simply thrown into a rotating drum. Here's what happens:

Important! To prevent water from getting on the engine of the feather removal machine, you need to protect it with a plastic casing.

And the last point - the feather removal device must be firmly fixed, since the vibration when loading the carcass will be very strong.

Suspension and important modules of a rally car

Of course, the factory suspension from any brand in the world will not be able to withstand the loads of rallying for long. If you are converting a domestic car into a racing car, then the suspension needs to be changed immediately. Otherwise, in the middle of a race, ball joints and CV joints may fly out, suspension arms may bend, or the beam may rattle. Then you will have to stop the competition and go for repairs. It’s better to immediately take care of the following features, which are the minimum for racing:

• complete replacement of silent blocks in the suspension with high-quality products not made of rubber, but of more durable and reliable materials, installation of new high-quality fasteners on these components;
• replacing the racks with sports ones, they should not be oil-based, here it is better to use hard, bumper and indestructible racks from special manufacturers for sports;
• the struts are replaced along with sports-type upper supports, as well as new springs and ball joints with a reinforced housing and moving mechanism;
• the suspension arms and beam are inspected, if necessary, they are strengthened or changed to more durable ones, and the rest of the car’s suspension is also inspected;
• It is better to install more efficient brakes, and it is better to change them together with calipers and drums in order to get better results in all respects.

The wheel bearing system on many cars lasts up to 200,000 kilometers in normal mode. It is not necessary to change hub parts in preparation for a rally. But if it fails, it is worth replacing at least a set of two bearings, and it is better to choose not factory ones, but reinforced bearings prepared for high loads. All this will help you get the highest quality solutions with the required parameters.

Lawnmower from a used motor

We continue to look for the answer to the question of where we can use the motor from an automatic washing machine. Another original idea is making a lawn mower. For a small area, an electric model connected to a power source with a cord is quite sufficient. The design of such a unit is very simple. You will need to make a platform on four wheels with a small diameter.

The platform can be made of metal or OSB board, plywood and even the body of the same washing machine

The engine is fixed on top of the platform, the shaft is threaded into the hole below, and the knife is attached to it. All that remains is to attach handles and a lever to the cart to turn the power on and off. If you have an asynchronous motor lying around, you will be surprised at how quiet the unit will be, even compared to factory models.

Advice! To prevent grass from wrapping around the knives, you need to slightly bend their cutting edges down.

Video: how to make a lawn mower

Homemade student car powered by hydrogen fuel

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Every year Shell organizes a special race among cars using alternative fuel sources. And in 2012, this competition was won by a car created by a group of students from Aston University in Birmingham. The students built a car out of plywood and cardboard, which is powered by a hydrogen engine that produces water vapor instead of exhaust gases.

How to build a generator from an old washing machine

We continue to look at homemade products from a washing machine motor, and the turn has come to the generator. You won't be able to assemble a powerful device, but in the event of an emergency shutdown, you can be well prepared. To turn the engine into a generator, you will have to disassemble it and partially cut off the core. In the remaining part of the core you need to make grooves for neodymium magnets.

The magnets must be placed in two rows with the same spacing

The gaps between the magnets are filled by cold welding. To operate the device, the kit must include a motorcycle battery, a rectifier and a charge controller. Details of the work in the video:

How to make drawings correctly

Any serious project requires preparation. Therefore, before you start making any homemade car with your own hands, you need to draw a detailed plan and drawing of the future structure. You can use several sketches: a general view of the vehicle, as well as a detailed drawing of each element. To do this, you will need a large Whatman paper, pencils and an eraser, paints and rulers, as well as other office supplies.

The easiest way, knowing modern technologies, is to make drawings on a computer. In addition, there are many special programs for this, for example, Compass, Splan or AutoCADe. You can also make diagrams in Word. Each such application has its own characteristics and advantages.

Now you can create absolutely any homemade cars. Craftsmen present their drawings for public viewing. Then they can be printed in any convenient format.

Homemade concrete mixer

If you have started a small renovation that requires, for example, plastering the walls, a concrete mixer will come in handy. Once again, washing machine parts will come in handy.

As a result, you will receive a compact device with low power, which you won’t mind throwing away after the repair work is completed.

As a container for concrete, you can use the same drum with pre-sealed holes for draining water. It is best to use parts from a front-loading machine; there will be almost nothing to redo. To strengthen the body, use a metal corner, and for convenient movement of the concrete mixer, equip it with wheels. The main difficulty in the design is the manufacture of a “swing” for the correct tilt and subsequent pouring of concrete. How to do it correctly in the video:

Homemade car for Formula 1 racing

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A real Formula 1 racing car costs a lot of money - more than a million dollars. So there are no such cars in private ownership. At least their official versions. But craftsmen from all over the world create replicas of racing cars with their own hands. One such enthusiast is Bosnian engineer Miso Kuzmanovic, who spent 25 thousand euros to create a street car in the style of Formula 1. The result is an incredibly beautiful car with 150 horsepower that can accelerate to speeds of 250 kilometers per hour. Driving this red car through the streets of his city, Kuzmanovic earned the nickname “Bosnian Schumacher.”

Homemade products from a washing machine engine: circular saw

You will be surprised, but a circular machine can also be built based on the motor from a washing machine. An important point in this matter is the additional equipment of the motor with a device that regulates speed. Without this additional module, the circular machine will work unevenly and simply will not cope with the task. Device assembly diagram:

Circular saw diagram

The principle of operation of the device is simple: the engine drives a shaft on which a small pulley is mounted. From the small pulley there is a drive belt to a large pulley with a circular saw.

Important! When working with a homemade circular saw, take care of your hands. All structural parts must be firmly fixed.

The resulting unit will not be very powerful, so it can only be used for cutting boards up to 5 cm thick. How this homemade circular saw works:

homemade lamborghini

Old Guo carries his grandson in a homemade mini-Lamborghini.
Old Guo carries his grandson in a homemade mini-Lamborghini.

A Vietnamese car mechanic from Bac Giang province created a replica of a Rolls-Royce using an old VAZ Seven. I bought it for 10 million dong (about $500). He spent another 20 million on “tuning”. Most of the amount went to metal, electrodes and a radiator grille a la Rolls-Royce, ordered from a local workshop. It turned out rough. But the guy became famous. A real Rolls-Royce Phantom in Vietnam costs about 30 billion VND.

What else can be made from a washing machine drum: original decor ideas

The drum with its correct perforation is a material for the manufacture of decorative objects. Here are some interesting ideas.

Ottoman with drum base. It’s easy to do – you just need to attach the wheeled legs and make a soft seat

Such a drum can also be turned into an original lamp. If you place a lamp inside, the perforated surface of the drum will cast glare on the walls. Such lamps will look good on the ceiling of the veranda or even on the floor

Bedside tables and tables. Drums with doors from top-loading machines can be used to hide small items.

This is how the drum turns into a cabinet or nightstand

Bizon - a homemade SUV from Kyiv

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Over the course of a year, Kiev resident Alexander Chupilin and his son assembled their own SUV, which they named Bizon, from spare parts from other cars, as well as original parts. Ukrainian enthusiasts produced a huge car with a 4-liter engine producing 137 horsepower. Bizon can accelerate to speeds of 120 kilometers per hour. Fuel consumption in mixed mode for this car is 15 liters per 100 km. The SUV interior has three rows of seats that can accommodate nine people. Also interesting is the roof of the Bizon car, which has a built-in folding tent for spending the night in the field.

Making a barbecue from a drum from a washing machine, photo examples

A metal grill is a temporary product. Sooner or later it burns out and requires replacement. You can buy a new one each time or use improvised material, for example, a drum from a washing machine. Making this craft from a washing machine drum takes a couple of minutes. The beauty is that oxygen easily enters the perforated container, which causes active combustion.

Kebab coals burn quickly, and the process of cooking meat is significantly accelerated

The metal of the drum can withstand a couple of seasons. Make a comfortable stand for it so you don’t have to bend over, and you’re done. Standard length skewers will fit comfortably on a small roasting pan. If necessary, you can lightly weld a couple of guides.

What materials are best to use

Designing a car is not an easy task.
The car must be safe for both the owner and others. Therefore, high-strength and wear-resistant materials should be used. In addition, we must not forget about comfort. Most often, craftsmen use metal and wood in construction. For equipment and comfort you need glass, plastic, various fabrics and leatherettes, rubber, etc.

Moreover, each specific housing material has its own disadvantages and advantages. For example, a homemade car made of wood will be much cheaper than the same one made of iron or plastic. It is known that until the early 40s, all transport frames were made of wood. But such material makes the car less safe, and it is also impractical and short-lived. In addition, the weight of such a vehicle is quite large.

It is easier and more practical to use various metal structures or corresponding elements of old cars.

Registering a homemade car

So, more than one month has passed, and you have finally designed and assembled your own homemade car. But in order to be able to ride it safely and unhindered, you must go through the registration procedure. And for this you need to take several difficult steps. It should be noted that only those cars that weigh more than 3.5 tons are subject to registration. Any semi-trailers and trailers, motorcycles and scooters are also registered.

Initially, the correctness and reliability of the machine design is checked. This is done by a special testing laboratory. Here the main parameters are checked, without which safe operation of the device is impossible. After carrying out the necessary tests, the owner is given an expert opinion. With these conclusions, as well as with official documents for the parts used in transport, you should contact the traffic police. Certification from the Institute for Highway Safety is also required.

The MREO receives a certificate confirming the absence of an identification number. To get a new one, you should contact the traffic police with your passport and all the documents received. Then, in your own car, you go to the MREO for final registration.

Do-it-yourself electric car: how, why and how much it costs

“Electric car version 1.0” is a basic-level car that can be made in six months in a garage by virtually any handy man who knows how to repair a car and has basic knowledge of electrical engineering. The purpose of this article, of course, is not to provide the reader with clear instructions for use, but to give, as it is fashionable to say today, a “road map” for understanding that an electric car is easy! One of the most authoritative Russian home-made electric vehicle builders, Igor Korkhov, the administrator of the largest thematic forum electrotransport.ru, who has successfully built completed designs of his own electric vehicles, and is currently driving a modernized Lada Ellada, told Koles about this.

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Body

What does an entry-level electric car consist of, which is easy to build on a garage slipway? The body from the donor car with steering, suspension, transmission and brakes, a DC electric motor coupled with a standard manual gearbox, a battery pack with a controller, an accelerator pedal from which the controller receives a signal and a number of auxiliary components that can even be added to the design without immediately, and later - after the first test drives, which the soul of a garage engineer so eagerly awaits...

As a rule, a front-wheel drive car is used as a body donor so as not to lose energy to friction in the cardan crosspieces and the hypoid transmission of the rear axle. They try to find a lighter car, ideally up to 600–700 kilograms, although this is not always possible - most cars are excessively heavy from the point of view of building an electric car. At one time, Tavria was very popular among garage electric cars - the body was light and oh - on a flat road you could literally push it with your finger! But almost all of Tavria, alas, have already rotted... Golfs of the first and second generation, Daihatsu Mira and similar small cars are popular. They try to increase the “rollability” by using special tires – the so-called “green” ones: narrow and allowing a pressure of 2.7 or more atmospheres to eliminate losses due to rubber deformation.

Engine

I saw how, on a car with a removed engine, they connected a powerful screwdriver to the input shaft of a manual transmission, brought control of its power button into the interior, and actually got an electric car in half an hour!
Yes, it’s curious, yes, it goes no faster than five kilometers per hour, but, in essence, it does a good job of demonstrating the simplicity and efficiency of the “version 1.0” design! All this, of course, comes from the realm of “mechanics joking,” but the principle, in general, remains the same. Igor Korkhov

The most common engines for entry-level homemade products were and still are the DS-3.6 traction motors from Bulgarian electric warehouse forklifts of the Balkankar EB-687 type. These are series-excited motors powered by direct current with a voltage of 80 volts and a power of 3.6 kilowatts. This motor looks like a cylindrical barrel and weighs 66 kilograms. This is far from the best engine in terms of weight and efficiency, but it is easily accessible and popular among novice electric vehicle designers. You can purchase such an “engine” to the extent of your luck - someone will get it for thanks, someone will find it for 5-10 thousand rubles. In principle, this cost is justified - the motor is not fast, but it has excellent torque, can handle any hill even in third gear, is easy to install, and unpretentious.

Transmission

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In “Option 1.0” you will not find motor-wheels and other progressive electric vehicle “nanotechnologies”. It can be done the easiest way, and the easiest way is to merge the electric motor with the transmission already existing on the donor car - a manual gearbox with a final drive and differential, through front-wheel drive CV joints with hubs and front wheels. — Actually, the clutch basket and disc, its drive (hydraulic or cable), and the left pedal itself are removed - this is extra weight, and we no longer need them. - says Igor Yuryevich, - True, we will still change gears - but rarely and without disconnecting the shafts of the engine and gearbox - simply sticking the gears with the gearbox handle. The desired gear is engaged without a clutch quite calmly, both before starting to move and while driving: you let off the gas, move the gearshift handle, the synchronizers are activated - and we move on.

We use the third gear for driving around the city, the fourth – on a country road, the second – along gullies. The first one is never used at all; the torque on the wheels is such that they simply spin with a light touch of the accelerator!

To install an electric motor under the hood, you need two main “handmade” parts: an adapter plate and an adapter sleeve, with the help of which the electric motor is connected to the car’s “original” manual gearbox. The plate connects the electric motor and the gearbox, and the bushing connects the motor shaft and the gearbox input shaft.

The slab is easily made with your own hands from thick sheet steel or aluminum - all you need is intermediate-level plumbing skills, a grinder and a drill.

The adapter bushing connecting the shafts of the electric motor and the gearbox is also easy to make with the help of Uncle Vasya the turner and welding - on one side the bushing should be aligned with the electric motor shaft, and on the other, a splined part cut from the clutch disc of the box with which we are welded is welded to it connect the electric motor.

Battery

The battery for electric cars is only lithium iron phosphate, there are no other options! Forget about starter lead batteries, which seem attractive to begin with, “to try,” immediately and forever - they are categorically unsuitable, just money down the drain. A few charges and discharges - and the batteries will be sent to the non-ferrous metal collection point! Traction lead batteries also do not last long, since given their mass, the capacity will always be insufficient, and this means an excessively large current consumption per battery. At such currents, the traction lead does not hold up either. So exclusively “lifers”, although it is not cheap.

At one time, many people went through lead – including me.
Now there is no point in repeating such mistakes. My starter batteries started dying after a couple of months, I barely managed to sell them at half price before they lost capacity. Then at one time I used sealed batteries from the power supply of telecommunication systems (uninterruptible power supplies for cell towers) - they were enough for a season, the internal resistance began to increase... Therefore, as soon as widely available lithium-ferrum appeared, everyone switched to it. The best specific energy density, the ability to give and receive high currents, durability, frost resistance. But prices are still high, and the battery is the most expensive component of an electric car - this should be taken into account by the DIYer... Igor Korkhov

A simplified calculation of the parameters and cost of the battery looks like this: suppose that we need to dial a 100-volt battery - quite a lot of motors are designed for this voltage. The voltage of one “lifer can” is 3.3 volts: this means we need to connect 30 cans in series. But the second important parameter of the battery is capacity. Since the “banks” are the same, the capacity of one = the capacity of the entire battery. A good quality “can” costs about $1.50 per 1 ampere-hour, and an entry-level 30-ampere-hour battery will provide a car weighing up to a ton with 25–30 kilometers of power reserve.

We count:

30 amp hours x $1.5 = $45 per cell $45 x 30 cells = $1350 per battery

In general, the battery is not budgetary, and this is only a capacity suitable for the first experiments - in a good way, it needs to be at least doubled...

Electric vehicle batteries are most often charged with semi-homemade chargers made from cheap, decommissioned power supplies that saturated backup batteries at cellular base stations - where they work in conjunction with 48-volt lead batteries. You need two of these blocks - they are connected in series, internal adjustment allows you to raise the voltage of each to 64 volts and charge the batteries for most common electric motors used by homemade EVs.

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By the way, the standard 12-volt battery, as a rule, remains in its place - it is convenient to power various standard consumers from it - a sound signal, windshield wipers, power windows, “music”, light, etc. Later, as one of the first upgrades, it can be replaced with a DC/DC converter of three hundred watts, making 12 volts out of 100.

Other nodes

Actually, in addition to the motor, transmission and battery, the simplest electric car has a number of components – both necessary and optionally installed. Of course, an engine control controller is absolutely necessary. In the simplest version, it can be made independently using relatively inexpensive and widely available parts, and the throttle angle sensor from an injection VAZ will serve as the gas pedal sensor. You can buy a controller from domestic home-made manufacturers, order a factory one from China, or order a used brand unit from Curtis from eBay - the module will cost $250–300.

There are quite a few additional components that are not mandatory for a test (or even!) trip. For example, a stove from which the liquid radiator is thrown out and an electric heating element is installed instead. Or, say, a vacuum pump for a brake booster. Since there is no internal combustion engine on the car, the vacuum in the intake manifold, necessary for the operation of the vacuum brake booster, also disappears. Therefore, many do-it-yourselfers install VUT electric auxiliary pumps, borrowed from cars such as Volvo XC90, Ford Kuga, etc.

However, it all depends on the project - on a light electric car, not everyone even upgrades the brakes, since the role of the “vacuum brake” is partly performed by regenerative engine braking, and many cars from the factory did not have a vacuum booster in principle, braking quite well. Without it, for example, not only the well-known VAZ-Kopeyka was produced, but also Tavria, Oka in some years, and so on.

Prices and money

The donor machine, the electric motor, the controller - all this varies flexibly and here you can “tailor” it to the extent of your cunning and desires. You can buy a donor car for 100–150 thousand in good condition in terms of body, you can buy it for 50 thousand - but with the need for tinsmithing, welding, painting... You can buy an electric motor from an old Bulgarian forklift, or you can buy a used or new American motor designed specifically for electric vehicles . You can purchase an industrial engine traction control controller, or you can solder it yourself if you have the skills. The same goes for everything else except the battery. There’s nothing particularly easy to “tailor” here: the prices for new lithium-ferrum banks are approximately the same everywhere, the question is capacity. A good 80-100-volt battery for approximately one hundred kilometers will cost 4-5 thousand dollars in today's money. You can, of course, start with a low-capacity battery with the prospect of increasing it (after all, even a short first trip inspires and gives you the understanding that your work is not in vain!), but you need to understand that the small capacity needs to be increased as soon as possible, since its lack leads to an increase in the return current from each individual can up to dangerous shock values ​​that shorten their life... While you are going to waste time buying the second half, the first one will die...

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So is it profitable to build an electric car? Even an experienced do-it-yourselfer and, in fact, a guru of garage EV construction, Igor Korkhov, believes that the hobby comes first here, and one can only “deceive the system” very conditionally - this will border on self-deception... The fact is that the end result cannot be assessed purely by the cost of a kilometer traveled, as many people think, you have to take into account the comfort, functionality, safety of the car, and simply the feeling of what you own. For example, a new petrol Lada Granta - it costs from 360 thousand rubles, which approximately equals $5,500. The most budget electric car based on some early-generation VW Golf will cost the same amount in terms of components – plus the time spent on thematic forums and your own labor invested. As a result, on one side of the scale there is a domestic, albeit domestic, but smelling of new and problem-free car under warranty, and on the other there is a middle-aged and outwardly shabby “electric self-propelled gun” in the stage of endless completion, without the possibility of refueling on the way, at first (or even forever) without air conditioning, power brakes and the like.

Or, let’s say, the next level is Hyundai Solaris. New it costs from 600,000 rubles, which is about $9,200. A similar amount will have to be spent if you build an electric car on the basis of a more or less fresh foreign car body that looks decent from the outside and has a intact interior, purchasing a good American electric motor for this body, a reliable proprietary Curtis controller and a capacious battery. However, the result is, in general, almost the same as in the first case... Solaris has maximum speed and dynamics in its trump cards, the ability to replenish the fuel supply everywhere, and not just in a personal garage where there is an outlet, all the advantages of a new and a reliable car with a lot of functional amenities, warranties, etc. A home-made product, although more decent inside and out, remains a home-made product - a car with significant limitations in terms of range and refueling capabilities, an eternal constructor, a simulator for the hands and mind...

conclusions

From the point of view of the application of hands and mind for a person who loves cars and technology, building an electric car is certainly justified! This hobby is, of course, expensive, but everything can be learned in comparison - and, in comparison, not with oligarchic extremes like collecting Faberge testicles, but with quite common and widespread technical applied hobbies. Let's say, for a fishing enthusiast, an average inflatable boat with an outboard engine of a well-known brand will cost about ten times as much as at least two-thirds of a simple electric car...

A good quadcopter with a camera costs no less. Against this background, building an electric car doesn’t stand out at all – it’s a normal man’s pastime...

No less attractive to building an electric car “Version 1.0” is that the result is achievable for many, and not just a select few - you don’t have to be a “level 80 engineer” to connect the electric motor with the gearbox, lay out the power and control wiring and place it in the trunk batteries. In the simplest version of the design and with numerous tips from the responsive electric vehicle community on the Internet, the work will be pleasant and almost certainly successful.

However, until efficient batteries become cheaper and inexpensive sets of traction motors and controllers become widespread, as happened with kits for electric bicycles, a garage-built electric car in terms of operating costs is unlikely to be a serious competitor to budget gasoline cars, and even more so to gas-powered cars... If you strive to save money, investing in the installation of propane gas equipment is easier and more profitable...

The photo was kindly provided by American DIYer Bruce, who carefully documented all the stages of building his electric car at home based on the 1985 Suzuki Mighty Boy hatchback pickup truck.

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