How to make a stable for toy horses from wood

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Humor on topic: – You dance quite well and relaxedly. Who taught you? - Jack. - And your last name? - Daniels.

A do-it-yourself stable is a special building, which is divided from the inside into sections for keeping horses separately. These sections are called stalls.

Stalls in the stables

Ahead of the construction of a stable, you should decide on several issues:

• what kind of horses will we keep?
• what are the purposes of building a stable and why do we get horses?
• the opportunities that this land area is endowed with

Particularly advantageous buildings for stables require rapid construction - tent and modular variations.

Construction of a summer stable and insulation

Summer quarters for horses do not require registration, as they are not permanent buildings. It is easier to build and there are no special requirements.

The most common option for building a summer stable is the frame construction method. Using timber, boards, fasteners and a level, the frame and frame of the room are assembled.

The walls are assembled from lumber using insulation. A wooden floor is being installed. Windows and doors are inserted into the openings.

When laying ceiling and roof beams, take into account the slope to organize drains. The beams are hemmed with a board, a heat-insulating layer is laid on top, and a special film is nailed with a stapler. Plywood with moisture-repellent impregnation is nailed on top. Next, the slate roof is installed.

Choosing a site for construction

The site for construction is chosen on a small hill. Groundwater should pass no closer than 1 m from the foundation, which will ensure elevation. If there is no such area, the site will have to be dried and groundwater drained from it. High humidity causes leg problems in horses.

The longitudinal axis of the building should be located from north to south. The building is protected from the north wind by trees or other buildings - this will ensure an optimal microclimate in the stable without heating. The door to the stable is planned on the eastern side, then in winter it will not be excessively cooled by northern winds, and in summer the animals will not suffer from overheating.

From the stables to the nearest track should be about 2 km. The minimum distance to residential buildings must be at least 100 m so that people and horses do not interfere with each other. Please also take into account that a horse walking area and a paddock (a place for open keeping of horses) are being designed next to the stables. Its area is 20 square meters. m for 1 horse.

Horseshoes

You can make horseshoes yourself only if you have your own forge and experience in creating them. This product is not expensive, and you should not experiment, endangering yourself and your horse by making dubious homemade horseshoes.

Horse shoeing

Making your own equipment for a horse is, of course, an interesting and exciting endeavor, but most often unjustified, since unprofessional accessories do not meet quality requirements and can even be dangerous.

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How to make a bridle for a horse

You can make both a simple and an exclusive bridle with your own hands. It will be exclusive, since various options for its creation and decoration are possible. The only limitation can be the imagination of the creator. But first you need to learn how to sew a simple snaffle bridle. or you can sew by hand. The threads must be strong. It is worth watching video tutorials on this topic with comments. Since leather is usually used to create bridles, you will need several straps about 1.5 cm wide, 2-3 rings, several buckles and a snaffle.

What do we build from?

To recreate the most comfortable stay for pets in a stable, when constructing it you need to resort only to porous materials.

After all, they create natural ventilation and retain heat perfectly.

Due to the fact that it is not recommended to use various types of heating here, it is better that the materials for construction have high thermal resistance.

Brick is best suited for fencing, as it meets all the requirements for materials for stables.

Materials for arranging floors in a building must have low thermal conductivity, and also high moisture impermeability and not have slippery surfaces.

The outside of the building can be painted with lime. Proper use of materials allows you to achieve the desired microclimate in the stable. We will consider the horse stall and its dimensions below.

Description of the stall

A stall is a place where horses are kept without a leash; individuals of different ages, sexes and sizes can be accommodated here. The stall creates the necessary peace for the animal, protects it from the outside world, controls mobility and protects it from external influence. Compartments are required to preserve the healthy condition of horses, to protect them from cold, rain and frost.

In addition, these premises are a mandatory attribute for training an animal - the stall, with its modest space, disciplines the animal, limiting its playfulness.

The compartment for horses in large stables measures three by three meters. These values ​​are chosen taking into account the dimensions of the horses and the minimum financial costs. Territory sizes that are less than nine square meters cannot be allocated for an animal.

Even this space is not enough for them. The length of the horse reaches two and a half meters; this size of the individual makes his stay in this stall especially cramped. Lack of space often leads to throwing, hoof injuries, and overturning of feeders.

We bring an animal into a stall not for fattening, but for its comfort. In view of this, the horse must have the opportunity to make walks and turns. The animal must be able to lie down without interference.

The minimum dimensions for a loose housing compartment are four by four meters; these indicators are considered the best option.

An adobe floor in a stall would be a good option for this:

A good stable will be the key to the health and well-being of your pets.

The video shows a do-it-yourself stable:

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Horses, like other animals, need their own housing and human care. Stables are usually built by professional builders. But if you have the skills and resources, you can easily build a stable with your own hands in accordance with all requirements and specifications.

Whip

During horse riding, a horse whip is used as a means of control, telling the animal what to do. It is strictly forbidden to use the whip as punishment. It is used only in cases where the pet cannot figure out what is required of him. Depending on how it is used, the horse understands what they want from him.

At horse races, control of the horse occurs exclusively with the whip, since the stirrups are raised high and the rider loses the ability to control the horse, squeezing its sides with his feet. The longest whips are used when training horses in dressage. Their length reaches 1 m 30 cm. A standard whip has a length of 70 cm.

Whip with leather clapper

The whip can be made from different materials: plastic, leather or synthetic. They vary in weight and flexibility. The whip is bought in specialized stores or made independently.

To make a whip you need:

• 2 laces;
• A tip designed for a summer fishing rod;
• A small piece of leather;
• Metal D-ring;
• Sewing threads.

The whip is made in a certain sequence. To begin with, cut off the ends of the laces. The hollow cord is put on the fishing rod immediately, and its core is first pulled out of the braided cord. The ends of the lace are secured with knots and lubricated with glue. 2 laces and a ring are attached to it, after which everything is wrapped with thick thread. Next, a piece of leather is cut into a deep fringe. The leather is glued and then the fringe is woven into the laces in a spiral.

Jumping whip

To give the whip a factory look, a thermal tube is stretched onto the braided cord. The firecracker is made from leather folded in half, which is glued and stitched. A hand strap loop, similar to the one found on mobile phone cases, is attached to the ring.

It is unacceptable to hit the animal hard. The whip should not cause pain. The horse also responds to the rider’s aggression with aggression and can throw off an inexperienced rider, which is fraught with serious injuries.

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Quote from the message "beautiful woman"

Read in full In your quotation book or community! Rocking horses made of craft paper The very first Craft horse for his grandchildren was glued and cut out with his own hands from several layers of craft cardboard by the father of Natalia Detailnyak and Anna Afanasyeva. The children and their friends liked the rocking chair so much that the sisters decided to start a small family project. True, very soon the family’s production capacity was no longer enough - rocking chairs became very popular, and the sisters had to significantly expand the staff of craftsmen who still make each horse by hand.

At first, the model range consisted of one single classic model made from dark craft, a clean and environmentally friendly material that does not contain harmful additives and does not emit any toxic substances. A cardboard horse with a complete lack of decor weighs about 4 kilograms and can withstand weight up to 70 kilograms, that is, suitable for any child over 80 centimeters tall.

Before launching the Craft horse for sale, the sisters worked a lot on the complex multi-layer design, took into account all the subtleties and made it absolutely safe. The girls are proud of the result, and they have every right to do so - the Craft horse gift is both beautiful and useful: the rocking chair forms the baby’s correct posture, works as a kind of exercise machine, straining the main muscle groups, but most importantly, the rocking chair teaches the child to maintain balance.

Nowadays a Craft horse can be almost anything - a family contract fulfills any individual orders, although the simplest cardboard horse for a child remains the most in demand.

Text: Evgenia Kruglova

Does this happen to you when an idea is born in your head and you urgently need to bring it to life?) This happens to me often))) So this time an idea came to me, I want to make a rocking horse for my son. On the Internet I found many options made of wood and plywood and even bought saw blades for my hacksaw, which were already stale and starting to rust) until I came across a horse made of corrugated cardboard, I heard and saw that even furniture is made from corrugated cardboard, but it never occurred to me take advantage of this technology. A few minutes later the pattern of the horse was ready.

And a couple of hours later, my daughter’s room was littered with boxes that she found in a nearby store. (She wasn't happy)

And the work began to boil) I cut at home.

There’s a lot of space in my grandmother’s yard, fortunately.

And niece Nastya came to help. Either she will drag away the pen, or she urgently needs the cutter))))

I bought PVA glue for gluing.

For stability, I made the bottom thicker than the top.

Here is my version of the horse, but I decided not to leave it in this form. As soon as I finish it, I'll show you what happened.

DIY horse halter

The horse's headband should be comfortable and fit the size of its head. Braided or leather halters consist of two rings. The diameter of the first for the occipital-chin strap is about 105. It is made with an adjustable buckle. In the second ring with a diameter of approximately 65 cm, where the horse's muzzle is inserted, you need to sew a metal ring for a chumbur, which is used for tying or driving a horse. The larger and smaller rings must be sewn with two cheek straps of 20 cm each and a chin strap of 13 cm. When sewing from a sling, the straps are made double.

How to make a halter with your own hands from rope

influence on the horse through knots . The rope for weaving should be 6-8 mm thick, round in cross-section, preferably nylon. In addition, you need scissors, matches for singeing the ends and a marker. To create such a halter for a horse with your own hands, there are measurement tables depending on the girth of a particular horse and the weaving pattern from knot to knot. They can be found on the Internet. You will also need to learn how to knit simple knots , and based on them - double round knots. It is important that the double knots are round, since it is such a knot that will properly exert the correct directional effect on the animal. Once you master the weaving technique, you can easily make a halter. All that remains is to try it on your favorite horse.

Warning

Since the resulting horse halter will be made from a single piece of rope, it has increased strength. To avoid accidents to your horse, never leave your horse unattended in a rope halter, either in a stall, in a levade, or on a tether.

blanket

Horses cannot tolerate frost without harm to their health. To be in good condition, they need, like people, outer clothing, which is a blanket. The blanket looks like a blanket. There is no need to buy a ready-made blanket, because it is very easy to sew it yourself.

To obtain measurements the following are measured:

• Length from chest through legs (sides) to tail;
• Length of the back from the withers to the beginning of the tail.

When taking measurements is impossible, you need to rely on the average table used to sew blankets in workshops. A DIY horse blanket is as comfortable as possible for the animal.

blanket

Using a standard pattern, adjust it to the size of your horse. After this, all the details are cut out from the selected fabric (cotton for summer, wool for winter). You need to add 15-20 cm to the seams. First, all the elements are swept away, and then stitched on a sewing machine. For a winter blanket, you also need to provide a lining. A fastener is made in the abdomen and chest area. At the discretion of the owner, it can be made of Velcro, buttons, carabiners (preferred) and large metal buttons. Blankets should be summer and winter, as well as light wool, which are put on the animal if it sweats during work in cool weather. You can’t put on a warm blanket right away, but a light, slightly insulated one is necessary. As soon as the animal has cooled down, it is wrapped in warm clothes. Knowing how to sew a horse blanket can save you a lot of money.

Types of equipment and their decorations

Traditionally, equipment for harnessing horses includes:

In order to choose the right harness, an individual approach to each horse is required, since its physique, dimensions and personal characteristics will be of significant importance.

The art of decorating your stallion has been known since the times of the Scythian peoples and Tatar invasions. Horse owners tried to decorate their equipment with silver, gold, and precious stones, not to mention the use of ribbons and bells.

The decorations were made with high quality, no expense was spared on them, because they had to fit the horse perfectly, not interfere with its movement and be comfortable for it.

Scythian horse jewelry, found during excavations and presented in museum collections, has gold and silver plates and is made in the form of convex metal foreheads.

In the 17th century, it became especially popular in Russia to create jewelry for horses, which very often looked like real masterpieces of handicraft. For their manufacture, goatskin, morocco fibers, silk braid were used, and copper and gilding were used as frames.

On the horse's head there was a grip with balls and tassels. On the occasion of the celebration, the horse was decorated in a special way, replacing simple chains with beautiful ones with silver rings.

Turkmens, as in ancient times, still consider horse jewelry to be a subject of high national art. Precious and semi-precious stones and metals are used in their manufacturing process.

Traditions and beliefs associated with the creation of accessories are cherished, honored and passed on to the younger generation. In the forehead part of the harness of a Turkmen horse there must be a carnelian stone, which acted as a talisman for the horse.

The bridle was made of thin leather straps coated with silver, with carnelian inlay at the junction of the straps. The elegant decoration emphasized the beauty of the horse. For modern bridle decoration, various shaped metal plates, coated or uncoated, made of precious metals are used.

The cape was embroidered with precious threads, often depicting the family coat of arms or the warrior's motto, richly decorating it with stones and silver plates.

Halter

This part of the harness is a bridle to which the bit is not connected. It is used when it is necessary to take a horse out of the paddock, and also when there is a need to secure the horse on a leash in a level position.

For these purposes, decoupling belts are attached to it. A halter is always used in combination with a chumbur.

An everyday halter is made from leather straps, rawhide or thick braid. The festive version can be decorated with pom-poms or embroidered with beads, and rings made of precious metals can also be used to make it.

The advantage of a braid halter is that you can wash your horse without removing it. When choosing a halter for your horse, you should also pay attention to the country of origin, since English ones are softer, and Belarusian ones are stiffer, which means they will last longer in use.

Leather halters last longer than braid halters, but require more care, since the leather should not be allowed to dry out; moreover, if it gets wet, it can mold and tear.

But when wet, raw material becomes limp and stretches, losing its previous shape.

When choosing a halter, be sure to take into account the size of the horse: there are special ones for ponies and for heavy breeds.

Headband

This is a decorative element that is part of the horse's harness and is attached to the head strap under the ears on both sides. It practically does not perform a functional role, but is only a decoration.

The headband is made from leather or woven from nylon cord, decorated with leather or silk fringe, embroidered with beads, precious or semi-precious stones.

Moscero

This is a traditional Spanish decoration that is actually a forehead piece. It is decorated with tassels made of threads or beads. When the horse swings its head, the tassels on the moscero, scattering in different directions, drive away annoying insects that bother the animal.

Moscero can also be decorated with metal elements and embroidered with stones and beads.

Bib

This decorative element is often made in combination with a forehead, sometimes with a cap. It is often made using the macrame technique, woven or knitted from threads, abundantly decorating the bib with pompoms and fringes, and embroidered with beads and sequins.

Bibs are made from leather, decorated with ornaments and rivets. Thanks to modern technologies, horse accessories can not only be sewn, but also made from LED elements so that horse equipment looks more impressive, for example, during circus or night performances.

The horse's croup is also decorated in combination with other accessories, so that the overall appearance is harmonious and beautiful. Decorations can be: The last type of decoration of a horse is very original: for example, on the horse’s croup, skilled specialists (necessarily with the help of several assistants) can create:

Features of horse harness

Horses are freedom-loving and temperamental animals that cannot be subjugated to your will by force. To get along with them, people should be patient and caring, but also indicate their priority position. It is impossible to use roughness and pain in dealing with horses, so man had to come up with another way to control - this is how horse harness appeared.

For young animals, a lighter version of the harness is an element of education that serves to instill disciplinary skills. It is not for nothing that there is still a procedure for “taming” young animals. They ride the horse, putting a bridle and saddle on it for the first time. After this, he recognizes the person as his master and submits to him.

The horse is controlled using a system of belts and auxiliary parts, which are placed in a special order on the body. The harness is used both for riding and for traveling in a cart.

This type of equipment includes many elements that, depending on the specific situation, can be used in different combinations. For example, in order to pull a cart, a horse will have to be fully trained, but to take it to the viewing track at an exhibition, only a bridle is enough.

Leather harnesses on horses' faces

Most often, harnesses are made from good soft leather. Its quality plays a huge role, because the material comes into close contact with the animal’s body.

The harness should be light, but at the same time durable; it should be placed on the croup in a special way so that the horse does not experience discomfort and does not get injured. If the belts accidentally rub against the horse's skin, it will be unable to work, and such an incident can also lead to serious illness.

An incorrectly placed saddle, a too-tight bit, or a tight rein will cause the animal to throw off the rider or cause uncontrollable stress. Therefore, it is very important for horse breeders to know how to bridle their four-legged pets.

Horse in one bridle

Design and dimensions

The total area of ​​the building depends on the size of the main room for horses - the stall. This is where the horse will spend most of its time. The basic size of the room is 6 x 6 m. If there are fewer than 10 horses, then the stalls are lined up in one row with the passage in front of them. For a larger number of heads, they are placed symmetrically on both sides of the aisle. The width of the aisle for a single-row building is 2.2 m, for a double-row stall system it is 2.7 m.

You will also need:

• place for storing hay - forage (each horse consumes from 2 to 4 tons of hay per year);
• storage space for equipment – ​​saddle-inventory room;
• washing.

If you have a large area, you can create large stalls, since the maximum area is not limited. Large draft breeds will appreciate comfortable housing. Also provide removable partitions between the two stalls. Remove the partition and 2 standard stalls will turn into one large stall or vice versa.

Even if you don't need large rooms, consider at least one for the future (for the mare and foal). Large stables are additionally equipped with a staff rest room and a bathroom. The size of the utility rooms is 10–12 square meters. m. Final dimensions of a single-row stable:

• width – 5.2–8.2 m;
• length – a multiple of the number of stalls, that is, 6 m (maximum);
• height – 3 m.

Select the type of building materials to be used. Wood is most often used for construction. A stone or metal frame is also possible, which will ensure the stability of the building.

Determine what type of lighting will be used. Electrical wiring must be inaccessible to horses or rodents. This is very important, since there are many flammable elements in the stable and a short circuit can cause a fire. Determine the correct water needs for your horses. We are talking not only about drinking water, but also about the water that is needed to maintain cleanliness and disinfection, as well as bathing animals. Select the type of roof for the stable.

Metal tiles are attractive, easy to install and durable; it is used as often as slate. Don't forget to design the ventilation system and its weather protection. A horse can be injured very easily, so there should be no protruding nails, unstable structures or knotty surfaces in the walls of the building. The partitions between stalls should be high enough so that the horse cannot accidentally touch the top bar with his foot.

A solid partition is made up to a height of 1.4 m, and the lattice part is installed higher. Thanks to this form, horses can communicate with each other, see and hear each other. Stall doors can be sliding or swinging. Latches must be installed on them. The minimum opening width is 1.2 m. Forage doors can be smaller, but must close tightly.

Decoration

Special importance is attached to the artistic design of the product; the area of ​​manufacture or use can be determined by the style of painting. Many styles of folk art are reflected in the decoration and design of the harness. Having seen a painted arc, a historian can easily tell the region of its use or manufacture.

Special importance was attached to the artistic design of the product. Gold and red painted arcs were especially valued. First, the wood is well primed and painted, then the decorating ornament is applied. Such artistic finishing is not only aesthetic, but also protects the wood from rotting and drying out. In addition to painted ornaments, the harness could be decorated with decorative carvings and embossed leather.

The bell and zga played a significant role. Zga is a small ring that is made at the bottom of the arch to secure the bell and lanyard from the bridle. Such a belt made it possible to support the head of a harnessed horse at a certain height. The bell was an integral attribute of Russian harness. Here, as they say, it should be “both seen and heard.”

Types and types of buildings

• Modular design is a pre-fabricated structure using a modular system; it is transported to the buyer in a fully complete set, together with ready-made stalls. The components of this structure provide the buyer with a wide choice, because with their help it is possible to assemble a stable of any size and scale. The assembly uses elements made from high-quality galvanized steel with a width of 4.5 to 7 cm, a thickness of at least 3 mm and up to 6 mm. It is recommended to clad the outer side of such a building with wood of various species or other finishing materials with the addition of insulation. Its thickness should be at least four centimeters, but no more than six centimeters. The construction of a modular structure takes a maximum of two weeks. The price of such a house for a horse is approximately five thousand euros per horse.
• Tent structure - such an arena is formed from a prefabricated frame using metal arched structures. The approximate width of the building can be from five to fifty meters, and the length is negotiated individually between the supplier and the customer. The strength level of an awning structure, as usual, is calculated based on the indicator that determines the snow load on it, because different intervals are maintained between the arches. The uniqueness of the tent building lies in the transparent coating of its material, which gives the entire structure a high degree of strength. Thanks to this transparent “roof”, the stable receives constant natural light. In addition, it gains the ability to withstand large temperature changes. Such a building can be erected quickly and easily; it is distinguished by durability and reliability during operation. Often, tent structures are used as buildings for stables; they can be assembled in twenty days. The cost of structures varies and depends on the size of the arena, for example, 22 meters x 42 meters of tent construction will cost approximately 80 thousand euros.

In addition to types, stables also differ in types.

Today, experts present buildings of open types, with the presence of stalls or levadas, standard and active, and also of a combined type.

More often there are buildings whose stalls are located indoors, but there are also those where they are located outside.

Only the horse owner can choose a successful suitable variation, depending on his financial capabilities, the number of horses, and also based on the needs of the animals themselves.

How to build a stable correctly

If you have created a good general plan with all utilities, all that remains is to work out in detail the individual structural elements. The degree of comfort for animals depends on how correctly the materials are selected and the calculations are made.

Foundation

The foundation of the stable is assembled from ready-made blocks, which are laid in a trench; This type of foundation is called prefabricated strip foundation. This is the fastest and easiest installation method - you do not need to fill the formwork and wait for it to dry.

The top of the structure will be covered with a layer of concrete. It is leveled and walls begin to be erected. The gaps between the blocks and the foundation are filled with coarse sand or crushed stone. The outer part of the blocks can be treated with bitumen mastic to protect them from moisture.

Walls

The optimal material for building walls is wooden logs with a diameter of 20–23 cm. Wood retains heat well and maintains an optimal microclimate. Brick or concrete masonry is not recommended for use due to the fact that brick easily cools down in cold weather and heats up in hot weather.

To keep the indoor temperature in the positive range, you will need to lay 1.5–2 bricks. The northern wall is made thicker than the southern one by 25%. To make it equally comfortable inside, the minimum thickness of a wooden wall should be 20 cm, and a brick wall should be 2 times thicker.

Roof

Most often, gable and single-pitched roofs are used, which prevent snow from sticking in winter. Covering - metal tiles or slate. When laying the ceiling, use a ceiling board at least 5 cm thick. The top of the board is covered with a clay mixture. The main task of such a mixture is to ensure moisture resistance and eliminate drafts.

The height of the ceiling should allow the horse to comfortably raise his head without worrying about hitting the ceiling. For ponies and small breeds, a standard height is convenient - no lower than 2.4 m. For long-legged trotters, the desired height is no lower than 3 m. Make sure that there are no nails sticking out of the boards and that there are no unprotected lamps hanging from above, which the horse could hit.

The most important element is the floor. Its main qualities:

• low thermal conductivity;
• moisture resistance;
• dryness;
• strength;
• no slipping in autumn and winter.

An adobe floor is considered optimal. Its composition is a special “cushion” of layers of crushed stone, lime, and clay. The minimum floor thickness is 150 mm. The obligatory slope of the floor from the outer wall inwards is at least 1.5 cm. The slope is necessary for the convenience of cleaning excrement. This type of floor needs to be repaired once a year due to the fact that hooves make it uneven. More modern floor coverings are made from clinker tiles. Advantages of this floor:

• moisture and frost resistance;
• immunity to mechanical damage and high wear resistance;
• absence of dust in contact with hooves, unlike clay;
• maintaining a presentable appearance throughout the entire period of operation;
• a reliable barrier that prevents the penetration of rodents.

Windows and doors

Windows provide natural ventilation and light. There should be quite a lot of them, since natural light is important for horses. Hinged window designs are better than monolithic ones because they are easier to keep clean. Windows must be double glazed. The minimum distance from the floor to the window is 1.5 m, but not higher than 2.1 m. The inner side is covered with bars. The window size is about 15% of the total wall area.

The door can be sliding or hinged. The doors to the stall, like the partitions, are made half solid with a lattice upper part. Height - to the ceiling, width - at least 1.2 m. A strong latch is required. Doors (two) to the stables are installed at the ends of the building.

What else do you need?

The feed room is used to store hay and concentrated feed. Concentrates are stored in special boxes to prevent them from being damaged by rodents. Partitions can be installed inside the box for convenient placement of different types of food.

Saddles and other harnesses are stored in the harness room after drying. There must be good ventilation and heating in winter so that the leather of the saddles is less likely to deteriorate from moisture. There must be a boiler in the staff room.

Summer playground

Next to the stable there must be a platform where the horse can be led on a line. The covering of such a site must be sufficiently durable, and at the same time pliable. The summer area is usually rectangular in shape with an approximate size of 20 x 40 m, it can also be a round area with a diameter of about 22 m. The covering can be adobe, on which a layer of sand is laid, and on top of it a layer of sawdust.

Manure storage

If you only have a couple of horses, then the manure removed from them can be immediately distributed onto the pasture without additional buildings. Although this approach is not welcomed by environmentalists due to the fact that pollution can enter groundwater and poison the environment. The ideal manure storage facility should be simple but effective. This can be a special manure pit, which is pumped out 2-3 times a year, or a large container, which, when filled, will be replaced with another, and the full one will be removed by a special team for the disposal and processing of manure.

The regulations regulate a special manure pit, where 2 cubic meters are allocated for one horse. m. Knowing the width (no more than 9 m), you can easily calculate the length and volume of the manure storage facility. Construction is carried out from concrete or brick, ensuring that there is no contact of manure with groundwater. The shape of the manure storage facility is square or rectangular.

It is located away from residential buildings at a distance of at least 200 m. If you have knowledge of how to build and a clear idea of ​​the sequence of actions, building a stable is not too difficult a task. Also take into account the climate zone and weather conditions of your area.

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Brooch kitten

My first portrait embroidery from a photo.

I really enjoyed working in this direction.

Do the kittens look alike? I will definitely continue to work in this direction. Magic ✨

handmade, artistic surface

⚜natural threads, felt, Japanese pin

Laying the foundation

• Our first priority is to eliminate all weeds and other vegetation from the site on which the horse house will be built. We remove the trees along with their rhizomes.
• Next, remove the top layer of soil. More often, a columnar type foundation is used for such a structure; it should be placed on a gravel bed. If we plan to build a brick building, then we will lay a strip type foundation.
• When laying a columnar foundation, we will initially install supports in the corners, then install other pillars. Their number will depend on the size of the structure. Place the supports along straight lines. We do this using a special construction cord.
• Having built the foundation, we install the sheathing, which is usually made of pressure-treated wood for protection.

Frame

Only high-quality wood is used to construct the frame. The building will not last long if you neglect this requirement and save money by using second-rate or defective material. When approaching the construction of a frame structure, you must strictly follow the diagram. The height of the building should be from three to three and a half meters. If the floors are made of concrete, then we do not install an additional frame.

The simplest choice when building a building on your own is to build a wooden stable, the frame of which will be made of wooden blocks. To ensure maximum strength to the structure, it is recommended to use diagonal fastening of the support beams using wooden blocks. When constructing the structure, we will take into account the location of the windows and gates.

How to make a horse cart with your own hands

5 minutes to read the article The times of dashing horse-drawn troikas and carriages have long since sunk into oblivion, and with them the main attribute of the Russian harness - the arc. Being a very important part of the harness, the movement and safety of the entire crew depended on its quality. It is not surprising that master craftsmen have always been revered on a par with blacksmiths and saddlers. Today, such skill is mastered by only a few people who have passed on their knowledge and skills from their grandfathers and great-grandfathers. We will lift the curtain on this “great” task and tell you how to make a horse arch with your own hands.

It is the main attribute and important part of the Russian team, on the quality of which the movement and safety of the entire crew depends.

Good friends

These cute toys became New Year's gifts for kids.

Hi all! I’ve been reading the pica for a long time, but only now I decided to post something.

For a long time now, my husband has been asking me to make him a cover for his passport, but no one has gotten around to it. And then we got there, and in the end I got my hands on something like this. It was only the second time I worked with leather on my own (the first was an indistinct bracelet with a button with perforation). I cut out the blanks according to the pattern from a piece of black leather, covered them with a thin layer of red acrylic paint, depicted the emblem of the horde using an ancient Soviet burner and sewed them together with nylon thread. I didn’t take any photos of the process because I was overwhelmed with inspiration and didn’t even remember about the photo at that moment. Material: leather, nylon thread, acrylic paint. Tools: tapestry needle, scissors, punch (without any steps, makes only one hole, so everything had to be measured and marked by hand under a ruler), crooked hands and great enthusiasm.

I would be grateful for criticism and advice, as I enjoyed working with leather.

How to set up a horse barn

If the horse is kept not in a stable, but in a barn adapted for this purpose, a stall is made in it, a manger with hay is installed next to it, a feeder and a drinking bowl are secured. Bedding is laid on the floor.

Stall

Until the beginning of the twentieth century, horses were kept in stalls; Some farms still keep working horses this way. The horse was tied next to the feeder in a small fenced-off area - if necessary, he could lie down, but could not turn around. Standard stall dimensions are 3 x 3.7 m. The minimum stall size suitable for ponies is 2.4 x 2.4 m.

Feeders and drinkers

When a horse chews, it scatters grain to the sides, so the feeder and drinker should be kept away from each other. Their wall mounting prevents them from tipping over. A wide box-shaped container mounted on the wall of the stall will be sufficient for distributing feed. The height of the feeder is 1 m. Length is 1–1.2 m. Width is 30 cm. The hay is placed in special mangers: they must be deep enough to hold the hay and not have holes so that the horse does not get caught in his foot and is injured , if he decides to lie next to him.

Wall-mounted hay racks and nets are not recommended for everyday use, as horses normally feed with their heads bowed. The drinking bowl is installed at a height of at least 0.9 m from the floor so that two horses can drink from it. Horses can use an automatic water bottle if you decide it would be more efficient. But some horses like to play with the automatic sippy cup - opening the valve and having a small shower in the stall.

Litter

The horse is kept on bedding, its thickness is 10–15 cm. Straw, sawdust, and peat are used for it. Straw is considered the most effective because of its softness, ability to retain heat and allow moisture to pass through well.

Every day, part of the contaminated litter is removed, uneven areas are smoothed out, the entire layer is compacted, and 6–8 kg of new litter is added. Dirty litter can be easily collected and burned. You can also sell it as fertilizer or substrate for growing mushrooms.

Making an arc for harness

A tight spacer between the shafts, grabbed at the ends by loops of tugs. You tighten the claws of the clamp with a supony, and the arc will strengthen the entire structure of the harness: it itself is placed upright, the shafts are “embraced” with the clamp, the cords are taut and firmly grip the rotating, front axle of the cart. Now get in and go... But if there is no arc, you involuntarily ask: how to make one? It can be done, although it is not easy. “Arcs do not bend suddenly,” I remember a peasant saying. One bear bends an arc without asking, only the forest cracks. How are we going to do it? The arc fishing has now died out, and rarely does anyone know where to start. Meanwhile, this business begins with choosing the right type of wood. The arc must be light and strong, which means that not just any wood is suitable. It’s good to make an arc from willow. It is the willow that is light and viscous, and does not chip when bent. They follow her, of course, not into the forest, but into the lowland, where she stands with one foot in the stream and the other on the shore, that is, she sticks closer to the water. For the arches we will need a fresh willow ridge about 3 m long and 25-28 cm thick at the cut. 5 arches will come out of such a ridge. You may ask, why 5 when one is enough? Let me explain. You can get by with one arc-thick willow pole. But the wood of the pole is immature and weak, and therefore the arc will be weak. And it is needed for many years. We split the ridge into blocks using wedges. You will get 5 blocks, they need to be trimmed with an ax, trying to clean off the middle, brittle part. And so the blocks were taken to the farmstead, where we began to bend arcs from them. To start, the workpieces must be steamed, otherwise they cannot be bent into an arc. They steam it in steam rooms, ovens or cauldrons, but now you and I may not have any of this. Therefore, we will try to steam the wood... in manure, especially since they knew how to do this in the old days - we have experience. Horse manure is considered hotter, so we will try to get it. But if there is no horse manure, regular barn manure will do. We will lay a row of our scaffolds on the manure bed, then again a deep layer of manure. After wetting it with water, cover the sides and top of the stack with earth. We will keep the workpieces in manure for about a month. During this time we will make a machine for bending arcs. It is a platform with an elevation like a semicircle, called a gibalo or form. The entire device is mounted on stands, one of which in the form of a protrusion is located almost next to the beginning of the form. There is a stake in the center of the platform; we will attach a lever with a wheel to it to guide it more evenly along the ground. We insert the end of the workpiece into the gap between the protrusion and the form, wedge it, and screw the other end more securely to the lever. Now let’s move the lever away from us, one of us, tensed, moves, and let our partner (from the safe side) watch how tightly the block fits to the form. The workpiece is bent, now we tie the arc at the ends with a strong rope or wire, remove it from the mold and set it to dry. And as soon as the arc dries, the finishing begins: we plan it, cut off the excess, make recesses on the outside at the ends, and then the shafts will be inserted into them. All that remains is to decorate the arc with carvings or paint it, if desired, attach a ring under the crown itself, and we will hook the bell-talker to it. Oh yes, the arc turned out! Of course, from the point of view of many amateur livestock breeders, the best transport for personal farming is a walk-behind tractor, undoubtedly, a car, and finally, a horse. However, do not rush to put an end to it. We have private plots where bulls, dogs, and camels are put into service. Well, let them be at least until the time when walk-behind tractors become available to anyone and everyone.

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