Shearers » What types of hulls are there?
A harrow for a walk-behind tractor is a hanging installation that grinds layers of soil along with plowing or later. The harrow is used to cover the sown seeds with soil. Can level the ground after rough cultivation, such as harvesting potatoes. In this article we will tell you in detail how to make a hoe for a mini tractor with your own hands.
The use of cultivator-type walk-behind tractors is rare, because due to high-quality grinding of the soil, further loosening is not carried out. Large walk-behind tractors require a harrow for plowing unplowed soil, agricultural areas that were used as arable land and areas where green manure was grown.
The loosening process increases the rate of evaporation, warms up the upper layer of soil, improves the supply of substances with good properties from the ground, and increases the absorption of nutrients.
Types of harrows
Harrows are divided into types:
- Dental.
- Disk.
- Rotary
Tooth harrow
The tooth harrow is the very first type of harrow created. It has stripes with sharp projections called denticles. The teeth run along the soil layer. They loosen, cultivate and level the ground. Harrows vary in the number of teeth. A wide harrow is often used in a walk-behind tractor.
Its teeth are arranged in three rows, four rows and more rows can be located on the harrow. The highest quality use of toothed harrows will be together with traction walk-behind tractors from MTZ and Neva. They can develop significant longitudinal forces, and also have increased traction with the ground necessary for work.
The category of tooth harrow is called spring harrow. A spring harrow is designed to work on a piece of land where a tractor is used. This harrow has a spring, not teeth. Springs reduce the size of the harrow and are not sent out for repairs as often.
Disc harrow
A disc harrow is a power harrow. The best way to use a disc harrow is when used in conjunction with cultivator walk-behind tractors, where a power take-off shaft design is not required. When the discs rotate, they cut through the soil and thus cultivate the soil.
The discs have a straight shape. The discs are at different angles and can also be cup-shaped. Cup-shaped discs are difficult to make, but they have a function - they are formation turnover. It is this kind of work of the discs that ensures plowing, application of green fertilizers, and shallow plowing in the spring before sowing grains and potatoes.
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The edges of the disk have an uneven shape, and the ground can be plowed without difficulty. Only a small resistive force is experienced when circling in the middle of the soil layer.
Rotary harrow
A rotary harrow has the characteristics of both a cultivator and a disc harrow. This is the presence of identical rotating jagged sections that cut into the soil of the earth and turn it over in small pieces.
A rotary harrow differs from a cultivator in that it has a small depth of processing and a considerable number of teeth used. The discs of a rotary harrow are at an angle of 90 degrees to the torsion axis - this is different from a disc harrow.
The teeth of a working harrow are represented by special bends, which depend on the radii of the disks and the adhesion index of the walk-behind tractor wheels and the soil. High sliding leads to strong bending of the teeth and this ensures the exchange of atmospheric and soil air. When the tooth comes to the surface, it grabs the ground and pulls out small weeds.
The activity of the rotary harrow is carried out even when the seedlings have appeared. The rotary harrow does not harm large plants. The use of a rotary harrow leads to savings in nutrients. Because useful substances come through the exchange of soil and atmospheric air.
Traditional harrow
The classic, or as it is also called, horse harrow, is used to create a smooth and loose surface. Also, this type of attachment allows you to effectively cover moisture in the soil and thereby prevent it from drying out. The harrow crushes large lumps of earth to the required fraction, destroys weeds and removes remnants of vegetation from the soil. The equipment is quite lightweight and is therefore used for surface tillage, crushing clods of earth and shallow loosening before sowing.
The tooth harrow for factory-produced walk-behind tractors is made of special structural steel that can withstand significant loads. Also, this equipment does a good job of leveling the soil after milling.
This type of harrowing equipment is a straight or zigzag frame that you can make yourself from a steel strip, a square pipe or angle, a stand for coupling with a walk-behind tractor and teeth. The teeth can be secured to the frame by welding, or by cutting threads on them and securing them with nuts. The working bodies on the frame are located at an even distance from each other, and their length can be 25-45 mm. Regarding the width of the equipment, for example, for the Neva walk-behind tractor, 500-600 mm is quite enough. The video below shows a tooth harrow in action.
You can also make a walk-behind tooth harrow with your own hands according to the drawing presented below. It will take half a day to make such an attachment, but it is worth it.
Diagram of a tooth harrow for a walk-behind tractor
In order to make such equipment for a walk-behind tractor, we will need the following:
- Weld iron strips to a square metal pipe, onto which, in fact, teeth with threads cut on one side will be attached using nuts;
- the drawbar of our attachment ends in a welded bushing, through which a connection with the walk-behind tractor used will be made using a metal pin;
- We make a stand with an adjusting screw to adjust the lifting height of the harrowing device to ensure uniform penetration of the working parts into the soil.
Even purchased factory equipment, even a homemade harrow, for the Neva walk-behind tractor, has the peculiarity of accumulation of wet soil with vegetation residues on the working parts, as a result of which tillage may become ineffective. In order to easily and smoothly clean the teeth with a scraper or any metal object, we use the lifting lever of the unit.
The video shows the simplest tooth harrow for a walk-behind tractor with dimensions indicated.
Advantages of a disc harrow
A disc harrow is a unique agricultural device that is used instead of a harrow, a cultivator, and a plow. It is ideally used for lands with insufficient water.
Shallow plowing is carried out under the specified conditions:
- It became necessary to destroy the resulting upper arid soil level, after prolonged exposure to rain, winds and sun.
- Mixing soil with useful substances.
- Leveling the soil layer.
- The need for thinning.
- Destruction of weeds, grinding of dead wood. Any disc harrows crush both sunflower and corn.
High-quality disc harrows, manufactured with all technical details, can achieve the given goals. The 3D model of a disc harrow is used both for self-production and further sales. The production of existing elements for the harrow is no different from factory compliance.
The harrow must be used at speeds above 7 km/h. Plowing under this condition will give the best results.
Description of the mounted disc harrow for MTZ 82 for soil cultivation
A disc harrow is an agricultural unit that can become a worthy replacement for a cultivator, plow, or hoe. Thanks to this attachment, it becomes possible to cultivate land with a moisture level of no more than 25%. What it looks like and how to choose the right mounted mineral fertilizer spreader is indicated in this article.
This type of suspended structure consists of a specific number of disks. Relative to the vertical main axis of the structure, it is concentrated at an angle. This is what allows you to adjust the depth in the ground and determine the processing angle.
In the video - a disc harrow for MTZ 82:
According to the design of the working part, this device can be made into two types: hinged and mesh. You can learn about how the Polesie combine harvester is used from this article.
When cultivating land where there are many roots from previous plants, it is extremely profitable to buy a disc harrow designed for stone soil.
The mesh design is an old model, but has already been tested by time. The base of the product is made of metal mesh, onto which teeth are attached in various ways. The installation of teeth can be different depending on the intended purpose. The teeth can be presented in a curved form, straight or as a spring element.
For a more correct distribution of fertilizer and loosening the soil with vegetation residues, it is necessary to use a harrow with discs, which can increase the resistance of the soil surface to various types of erosion processes. It is also necessary to increase its absorption capacity.
Also, the presented devices working in tandem with the MTZ 82 tractor can be divided according to their intended use. The price of the trailed grain harvester PN 100 prostor and other data are indicated in the article.
Field
They are used for cultivating the land after rowing activities. Certain models may be equipped with boxes that serve as ballast weight. Thanks to such measures, it is possible to treat the soil to a sufficiently large depth.
Trailed garden tractors
This type of design is characterized by its light weight. They are used for cultivating soil between rows in the garden and vineyard. When using such a harrow, it is possible to loosen the ground to a depth of 10 cm. A video about the Challenger tractor and other features of the unit are indicated in the article.
Swamp
Processing can be carried out to a depth of 20 cm.
This type of device is actively used for disking on swampy soil and for cultivating virgin soil.
A disc harrow for installation on the MTZ 82 tractor is a device to which a battery with working parts is attached. Soil cultivation is carried out using steel discs whose dimensions are 450-510 mm. It is steel discs that are the main working parts of the harrow. The price of Terrion 3180 and other technical data can be highlighted for yourself from the article.
If several such elements are placed on one axis, then it will be possible to obtain a battery. Its fastening is carried out using bushings. Thanks to this, the battery will rotate while the tractor is moving.
In the video - trailed disc harrows for MTZ 82:
In most cases, the battery with disks is installed in several rows. The plane of penetration of the device into the ground is called the angle of attack. Its value can be 1-20 degrees. It is necessary to determine the hardness of the cultivated soil. The harder it is, the larger the given angle should be. You can find out how to make a manual potato hiller with your own hands here.
The disc harrow operates according to the following principle. The battery, which is mounted closer to the tractor, disintegrates the soil. But the second battery closes it. To perform cultivation with maximum efficiency, it is necessary to achieve displacement of the front and rear battery disks relative to each other's axis. The tractor begins to move around the area at a speed of 15 km/h. The disks, concentrated on the first battery, begin to open the layer of earth to a certain depth. The soil rises, since the disk has a spherical structure, is moved to the side and placed from a low height. A video about an electric cultivator for a summer cottage and the technical parameters of the equipment can be seen in the article.
The second returns the earth to its place in a similar way. The result of such processing is turning over and crushing the soil. As the angle of attack increases, the discs will penetrate the ground to greater depths.
Homemade tooth harrow for walk-behind tractor
You can very easily create a homemade husk with your own hands. Required materials for production:
- Bulgarian;
- welding inverter.
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